Chemiphase Oilfield Demulsifier Case Study - Middle East
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Transcript of Chemiphase Oilfield Demulsifier Case Study - Middle East
CHEMIPHASE LTD Unit 2 Ringtail Road, Burscough Industrial Estate,
Burscough, Lancashire, L40 8JY, UK (Tel) 08456 432900 (Fax) 08456432900
www.chemiphase.co.uk www.chemiphase.com Email : [email protected]
Technical Case Study’s
Middle East Customer Demulsifier Trial
1.0 Introduction
The client operated field in the Middle East which produces crude with not only a heavy API but
also a significant water cut. As such it is essential that the correct Oilfield Demulsifier is
employed onsite, in order to remove any water contained within the crude oil, before it is sent
to refinery.
Chemiphase were invited to carry out Demulsifier bottle testing onsite, in order to determine
the correct demulsifier blend to be applied onsite.
2.0 Well Information
The wells to be tested were from two separate points and would represent one heavy sample
and one light sample of crude oil. This is in order to replicate the field conditions.
The crude oil at the well head has an API of 12. This crude oil is fed into a production manifold
where a secondary, lighter crude is blended into it. This lighter crude has an API of 34 and
serves to raise the combined crude to an API of 17. After this point the chosen demulsifier is
added and the combined crude and demulsifier is sent to one of three retention tanks. The free
water is constantly removed from these retention tanks, until such time as the tanks become
full of crude oil. At this point the retention tanks are shut in for 24 hours in order for the
demulsifier to remove any water from the crude oil.
During the demulsifier testing the crude oil would be supplied in the form of one heavy sample
and one light sample.
3.0 Chemiphase Demulsifier Samples.
Chemiphase supplied 34 samples of demulsifier bases. These were chosen for their proven
ability with heavy crude oils around the world. These were a selection of droppers, treaters,
desalters and hybrid chemicals. The samples that were supplied and available for testing were
‘ready to use’ products and required no blending with solvents. This was to ensure consistency
in the samples used for bottle testing and to ensure repeatability.
The full list of Chemiphase demulsifiers that were tested on the client’s crude can be found in
table 3.0.1
3.1 Non Chemiphase Demulsifier Samples
Alongside the Chemiphase demulsifier samples, three other third party demulsifiers were
supplied. These were intended to act as a comparison against the Chemiphase samples and in
order to show the effectiveness of the Chemiphase products.
The samples were supplied by the client and included “Competitor A,” “Competitor B,” and
“Competitor C.”
3.2 Samples Used
The samples used for the demulsifier trials were part of the D600 range of
demulsifier’s as seen below in the table.
CHEMIPHASE LTD Unit 2 Ringtail Road, Burscough Industrial Estate,
Burscough, Lancashire, L40 8JY, UK (Tel) 08456 432900 (Fax) 08456432900
www.chemiphase.co.uk www.chemiphase.com Email : [email protected]
Technical Case Study’s
Middle East Customer Demulsifier Trial
Chemiphase Demulsifier Sample Guide
Function Suitability
Demulsifier
Sample
RSN Dehydrator Coalescer Hybrid All
Round
Heavy Environmental
D- 0601 15 Y Y
D- 0602 11 Y Y
D- 0603 17 Y Y Y
D- 0604 8 Y Y
D- 0605 7 Y Y Y Y
D- 0606 19 Y Y
D- 0607 17 Y Y
D- 0608 6 Y Y
D- 0609 8 Y Y
D- 0610 23 Y Y
D- 0611 11 Y Y
D- 0612 21 Y Y
D- 0613 18 Y Y
D- 0614 20 Y Y
D- 0615 7 Y Y
D- 0616 6 Y Y
D- 0617 20 Y Y
D- 0618 16 Y y Y
D- 0619 6 Y Y
D- 0620 21 Y y Y
D- 0621 21 Y y Y
D- 0622 8 Y Y
D- 0623 15 y Y
D- 0624 Not Applicable
D- 0625 Not Applicable
D- 0626 Not Applicable
D- 0627 Not Applicable
D- 0628 Not Applicable
D- 0629 Not Applicable
D- 0630 Not Applicable
D- 0631 Not Applicable
4.0 Bottle Test Method
It was essential that the bottle test method accurately represent the field conditions. The crude
oil that is retained in the retention tanks and is subject to the demulsifier, is a blend of the
heavy crude oil and a lighter crude oil, intended to raise the overall API to aid in
demulsification.
The bottle testing was carried out on the heavy crude oil and light crude oil mixed in a 4:1 ratio
of heavy to light. This was mixed in the lab using the crude oil samples supplied.
The bottle testing was carried out using 140ml clear glass sample bottles with clear volumetric
markings on the bottles. Each bottle was filled with 100ml of the crude sample and dosed with
500ppm of the demulsifier.
The samples were placed in a water bath at 50 degC and allowed 24 hours for the separation
to occur.
The samples were noted for the amount of water drop out, amount of basic solid drop out,
clarity of water and sharpness of the oil water interface.
CHEMIPHASE LTD Unit 2 Ringtail Road, Burscough Industrial Estate,
Burscough, Lancashire, L40 8JY, UK (Tel) 08456 432900 (Fax) 08456432900
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Technical Case Study’s
Middle East Customer
Demulsifier Trial
5.0 Remaining Water Centrifuge Test Method
Once the bottles had been subjected to 24 hours in the water bath a centrifuge test was
carried out in order to determine the total water remaining in the crude samples. This test
involved a two stage process.
The centrifuge test was carried out using 12ml clear glass test tubes with clear volumetric
markings. Each test tube was filled with 5 ml of toluene to which a further 5 ml of the crude oil
that was to be tested was added.
The first stage of the test involved centrifuging the samples at 1600rpm for 5minutes. The
samples were examined for the amount of water drop out, amount of basic solid drop out,
clarity of water and sharpness of the oil water interface. These figures were recorded and the
samples moved on to the second stage of the centrifuge test.
The second stage of the centrifuge test involved introduction of ‘knock out drops’ to the
samples. This was in the form of High strength Knock Out Drops,” samples. Two drops of the
High strength Knock Out Drops,” were added to each sample, the samples were then
centrifuged at 1600rpm for a further 5 minutes. The samples were examined for the amount of
water drop out, amount of basic solid drop out, clarity of water and sharpness of the oil water
interface.
6.0 Bottle Testing- Demulsifier Bases
The initial testing involved bottle testing each demulsifier base in order that we could establish
the best combination of droppers, treaters, desalters and hybrids.
The bottle test was carried out for each one of the 34 Chemiphase samples along with one
blank sample, one sample of the Competitor A and one sample of the Competitor B, as detailed
above.
6.1 Bottle Testing- Demulsifier Bases- First Round Results
*Water Clarity and Interface are based on a scale of 1-5 with five being the highest and most
desirable.
Sample % H2O Drop Out
% BS Drop Out
Water Clarity Interface Picture
BLANK 0 0 NA NA 6.1.1
COMPETITOR A 9.0 0 2
Multiple Large oil droplets in water phase
2
Poor, brown opaque (2.5%)
6.1.2
COMPETITOR B 5.5 0 2 Multiple Large oil droplets in water phase
2 Poor, brown opaque (1.0%)
6.1.3
Chemiphase D0602 2.5 0 4
Good, few small oil droplets noticeable
3
Quite defined
Signs of ragged interface
6.1.4
Chemiphase D0606 5.5 0 3
Opaque but oil free
4
Highly defined
6.1.5
Chemiphase D0607 1.5 0 4
Good, few small oil droplets noticeable
3
Quite defined
Signs of ragged interface
6.1.6
Chemiphase D0610 1.0 0 3
Looks clear although very small drop
3
Good interface
6.1.7
Chemiphase D0613 1.0 0 3
Looks clear although very small drop
3
Good interface
although very small drop
6.1.8
Chemiphase D0618 2.0 0 2
Multiple Large oil droplets in water phase
2
Poor, Ragged interface
6.1.9
Chemiphase D0623 2.0 0 2
Light brown in colour
2
Poor, Ragged interface
6.1.10
Chemiphase D0633 7.5 0 5 Very Clear Water
5 Very Sharp
6.1.11
Chemiphase D0634 3.0 0 5
Very Clear Water
4
Sharp, slight ragged
6.1.12
CHEMIPHASE LTD Unit 2 Ringtail Road, Burscough Industrial Estate,
Burscough, Lancashire, L40 8JY, UK (Tel) 08456 432900 (Fax) 08456432900
www.chemiphase.co.uk www.chemiphase.com Email : [email protected]
Technical Case Study’s
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Demulsifier Trial
Sample Performance
D0601, D0603, D0605, D0608, D0609, D0612, D0615,
D0616, D0619, D0621, D0621, D0624
Little to no water drop- not suitable for second stage testing
D0611, D0614, D0625, D0620 Some water drop- not suitable for second stage testing
Overall the first round of bottle testing showed encouraging signs for the Chemiphase products.
Four droppers and four treaters products were identified as being suitable to go forward to the
next stage of testing.
The initial testing showed that the Competitor A product performed the best; however the
Competitor B product performed in a similar manner to that of the individual Chemiphase
Bases at 5.5 % water drop.
6.2 Centrifuge Testing- Demulsifier Bases- First Round Results
The samples identified above as being suitable for the second round of testing were tested for
remaining water content via the centrifuge test, as outline above.
Table 6.2.0- Centrifuge Testing- Demulsifier Bases- First Round Results
Sample Without Knock out Drops (%) With Knock Out Drops
(%)
Difference
(%)
BLANK 0 0.3 0.3
CC9496 0 0.2 0.2
Clariant 5481 0 1.0 1.0
Chemiphase
D0633 0.5 0.5 0.0
Chemiphase
D0606 3.0 3.0 0.0
Chemiphase
D0618 2.0 2.0 0.0
Chemiphase
D0623 2.0 2.0 0.0
Chemiphase
D0613 0.5 0.75 0.25
CHEMIPHASE LTD Unit 2 Ringtail Road, Burscough Industrial Estate,
Burscough, Lancashire, L40 8JY, UK (Tel) 08456 432900 (Fax) 08456432900
www.chemiphase.co.uk www.chemiphase.com Email : [email protected]
Technical Case Study’s
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7.0 Bottle Testing- Demulsifier-Second Round Results
Once the correct Chemiphase bases were established, the bases were combined in order to find the
most suitable combination of droppers and treaters. The Chemiphase products were combined in the
following way;
Table 7.0.1 Combination of Chemiphase products
Set A Set B
Sample
Name Products
Sample
Name
Products
A1 D0602 + D
0604
B1 D0606 + D 0604
A2 D0602 + D
0613
B2 D0606 + D 0613
A3 D0602 + D
0618
B3 D0606 + D 0618
A4 D0602 + D
0623
B4 D0606 + D 0623
Set C Set D
Sample
Name Products
Sample
Name
Products
C1 D0607 + D
0604
D1 D0610 + D 0604
C2 D0607 + D
0613
D2 D0610 + D 0613
C3 D0607 + D
0618
D3 D0610 + D 0618
C4 D0607 + D
0623
D4 D0610 + D 0623
Each of the products was combined at a ratio of 1:1 and added to the samples at a dosage
rate of 500ppm (therefore 250ppm of each product).
The samples were tested as per the above method and the results were recorded after 24
hours in the water bath.
CHEMIPHASE LTD Unit 2 Ringtail Road, Burscough Industrial Estate,
Burscough, Lancashire, L40 8JY, UK (Tel) 08456 432900 (Fax) 08456432900
www.chemiphase.co.uk www.chemiphase.com Email : [email protected]
Technical Case Study’s
Middle East Customer
Demulsifier Trial
7.1 Bottle Testing- Demulsifier-Second Round Results
Sample % H2O Drop
Out % BS Drop
Out Water Clarity Interface Picture
BLANK 0 0 na na 7.1.1
COMPETITOR A 0.0 0 No noticeable water drop No noticeable water drop 7.1.2
COMPETITOR B 5.0 0 4
Good H2O clarity,
2
Ragged, Large oil droplets in
water
7.1.3
A1 7.0 0 4
Good H2O clarity,
3
Good,
Small oil droplets in water
7.1.4
A2 5.0 0 4
Good H2O clarity,
4
Good,
Few Small oil droplets in water
7.1.5
A3 9.0 0 3
H2O slightly cloudy
4
Good, Few Small oil droplets in water
7.1.6
A4 3.0 0 5
Clear H2O clarity,
4
Good,
Few Small oil droplets in water
7.1.7
B1 9.5 0 4
Good H2O clarity,
3
Finely dispersed oil at interface
7.1.8
B2 7.5 0 3
H2O slightly cloudy
3
Finely dispersed oil at interface
7.1.9
B3 8.0 0.25 3
Good H2O clarity,
4
Good,
Few Small oil droplets in water
7.1.10
B4 5.0 0 3
Good H2O clarity,
3
Finely dispersed oil at interface
7.1.11
C1 0.0 0 na na na
C2
0.0 0 na na na
C3 0.0 0 na na na
C4 0.0 0 na na na
D1 7.5 0 4 Good H2O clarity,
4 Good,
No Noticeable oil, very slight
ragged
7.1.12
D2 0.0 0 na na na
D3 0.0 0 na na na
D4 0.0 0 na na na
CHEMIPHASE LTD Unit 2 Ringtail Road, Burscough Industrial Estate,
Burscough, Lancashire, L40 8JY, UK (Tel) 08456 432900 (Fax) 08456432900
www.chemiphase.co.uk www.chemiphase.com Email : [email protected]
Technical Case Study’s
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Demulsifier Trial
Table 7.2.0- Centrifuge Testing- Demulsifier Bases-Second Round Results
Sample Without Knock out
Drops (%)
With Knock Out
Drops
(%)
Difference
(%)
BLANK 0 5.0 5.0
COMPETITOR
A 1.0 4.0 3.0
COMPETITOR
B 2.0 3.0 1.0
A1 0.0 0.0 0.0
A3 0.5 0.5 0.0
B1 1.0 2.0 1.0
B2 0.25 0.25 0.0
B3 0.4 0.5 0.1
B4 0.75 2.0 1.25
The centrifuge results were gathered as per the method set out above.
8.0 Bottle Test Conclusions
The results show that the four best performing Chemiphase samples are the A1, A3, B1 and
B3 samples. All four of these samples exceeded the results obtained at the stage two trials
by either the Competitor A or Competitor B product. The samples also matched or exceeded
the results gained by either the Competitor A or Competitor B product at the stage one
trials.
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Burscough, Lancashire, L40 8JY, UK (Tel) 08456 432900 (Fax) 08456432900
www.chemiphase.co.uk www.chemiphase.com Email : [email protected]
Technical Case Study’s
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Demulsifier Trial
8.1 Chemiphase A1 vs Competitor A vs Competitor B
Sample % H2O Drop
Out
% BS Drop
Out Water Clarity Interface
Picture
Reference
Chemiphase
A1
7.0 0 4
Good H2O
clarity,
3
Good,
Small oil
droplets in
water
7.1.4
Competitor A
(first stage)
9.0 0 2
Multiple Large
oil droplets in
water phase
2
Poor, brown
opaque (2.5%)
6.1.2
Competitor B
(second stage)
0.0 0 0
No noticeable
water drop
0
No noticeable
water drop
7.1.2
Competitor A
(first stage)
5.5 0 2
Multiple Large
oil droplets in
water phase
2
Poor, brown
opaque (1.0%)
6.1.3
Competitor B
(second stage)
5.0 0 4
Good H2O
clarity,
2
Ragged,
Large oil
droplets in
water
7.1.3
As can be seen in the table above, the Chemiphase A1 sample performed better than the
Competitor A in the second stage and better than the Competitor B sample in the first and
second stage testing. When comparing the water quality and interface it is evident that the
Chemiphase A1 sample produced a much cleaner water drop and sharper interface. This
highly beneficial as the discharged water will contain less oil than with either of the
Competitor A or Competitor B products.
Table 8.1.2 Chemiphase A1 vs Competitor A vs Competitor B Centrifuge Testing
Sample Without Knock out
Drops (%)
With Knock Out
Drops
(%)
Difference
(%)
Chemiphase A1 0.0 0.0 0.0
Competitor A
(first stage)
0.0 0.2 0.2
Competitor B
(second stage)
1.0 4.0 3.0
Competitor A
(first stage)
0.0 1.0 1.0
Competitor A
(second stage)
2.0 3.0 1.0
The centrifuge testing showed that the Chemiphase A1 product removed all the water present
within the crude sample, whilst the Competitor A product failed to remove all the water on either
first or second stage tests. Whilst the Competitor B product did remove the water in the first stage
testing, it failed to reproduce this in the second stage of testing.
CHEMIPHASE LTD Unit 2 Ringtail Road, Burscough Industrial Estate,
Burscough, Lancashire, L40 8JY, UK (Tel) 08456 432900 (Fax) 08456432900
www.chemiphase.co.uk www.chemiphase.com Email : [email protected]
Technical Case Study’s
Middle East Customer
Demulsifier Trial
8.2 Chemiphase A3 vs Competitor A vs Competitor B
Sample % H2O Drop
Out
% BS Drop
Out Water Clarity Interface
Picture
Reference
Chemiphase
A3
9.0 0 3
Good H2O
clarity,
4
Good,
Small oil
droplets in
water
7.1.7
Competitor A
(first stage)
9.0 0 2
Multiple Large
oil droplets in
water phase
2
Poor, brown
opaque (2.5%)
6.1.2
Competitor A
(second stage)
0.0 0 0
No noticeable
water drop
0
No noticeable
water drop
7.1.2
Competitor B
(first stage)
5.5 0 2
Multiple Large
oil droplets in
water phase
2
Poor, brown
opaque (1.0%)
6.1.3
Competitor B
(second stage)
5.0 0 4
Good H2O
clarity,
2
Ragged,
Large oil
droplets in
7.1.3
As can be seen in the table above, the Chemiphase A3 sample performed equally as well as
the Competitor A product in the first stage and better than the Competitor B in the second
stage. The Chemiphase A3 outperformed the Competitor B sample in the first and second
stage testing. When comparing the water quality and interface it is evident that the
Chemiphase A3 sample produced a much cleaner water drop and sharper interface. This
highly beneficial as the discharged water will contain less oil than with either of the
Competitor A or Competitor B products.
Table 8.1.2 Chemiphase A3 vs Competitor A vs Competitor B Centrifuge Testing
Sample Without Knock out
Drops (%)
With Knock Out
Drops
(%)
Difference
(%)
Chemiphase A3 0.5 0.5 0.0
Competitor A
(first stage)
0.0 0.2 0.2
Competitor A
(second stage)
1.0 4.0 3.0
Competitor B
(first stage)
0.0 1.0 1.0
Competitor B
(second stage)
2.0 3.0 1.0
The centrifuge testing showed that the Chemiphase A3 product removed all but 0.5 % the
water present within the crude sample, whilst the Competitor B product failed to remove all
the water on either first or second stage tests. Whilst the Competitor A product did remove
all but 0.2 % the water in the first stage testing, it failed to reproduce this in the second
stage of testing.
CHEMIPHASE LTD Unit 2 Ringtail Road, Burscough Industrial Estate,
Burscough, Lancashire, L40 8JY, UK (Tel) 08456 432900 (Fax) 08456432900
www.chemiphase.co.uk www.chemiphase.com Email : [email protected]
Technical Case Study’s
Middle East Customer
Demulsifier Trial
Table 8.3.1 Chemiphase B1 vs Competitor A vs Competitor B Bottle Testing
Sample % H2O Drop
Out
% BS Drop
Out Water Clarity Interface
Picture
Reference
B1 9.5 0 4
Good H2O
clarity,
3
Finely
dispersed oil at
interface
7.1.8
Competitor A
(first stage)
9.0 0 2
Multiple Large
oil droplets in
water phase
2
Poor, brown
opaque (2.5%)
6.1.2
Competitor A
(second stage)
0.0 0 0
No noticeable
water drop
0
No noticeable
water drop
7.1.2
Competitor B
(first stage)
5.5 0 2
Multiple Large
oil droplets in
water phase
2
Poor, brown
opaque (1.0%)
6.1.3
Competitor B
(second stage)
5.0 0 4
Good H2O
clarity,
2
Ragged,
Large oil
droplets in
7.1.3
As can be seen in the table above, the Chemiphase B1 sample outperformed all the
Competitor A and Competitor B samples tested. It had a higher water drop and produced a
higher clarity of water and a stronger interface.
Table 8.3.2 Chemiphase B1 vs Chemiphase CC9496 vs Clariant 5481 Centrifuge Testing
Sample Without Knock out
Drops (%)
With Knock Out
Drops
(%)
Difference
(%)
Chemiphase B1 1.0 2.0 1.0
Competitor A
(first stage)
0.0 0.2 0.2
Competitor A
(second stage)
1.0 4.0 3.0
Competitor B
(first stage)
0.0 1.0 1.0
Competitor B
(second stage)
2.0 3.0 1.0
The centrifuge testing showed that the Chemiphase A3 product removed all but 0.5 % the water present
within the crude sample, whilst the Competitor A product failed to remove all the water on either first or
second stage tests. Whilst the Competitor A product did remove all but 0.2 % the water in the first stage
testing, it failed to reproduce this in the second stage of testing.
CHEMIPHASE LTD Unit 2 Ringtail Road, Burscough Industrial Estate,
Burscough, Lancashire, L40 8JY, UK (Tel) 08456 432900 (Fax) 08456432900
www.chemiphase.co.uk www.chemiphase.com Email : [email protected]
Technical Case Study’s
Middle East Customer
Demulsifier Trial