Chemical reactions Time to add the last major player before the big show!!!
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Transcript of Chemical reactions Time to add the last major player before the big show!!!
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Chemical reactions
Time to add the last major player before the big show!!!
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Parts of a reaction
• Reactants → products
I’m the starting
materials.
I’m the new thing after the reaction.
I’m the arrow
showing a reaction is
taking place.
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Time to define…
• Chemical reaction: any situation where a chemical change occurs making something new.
• Breaking bonds:• Making bonds:• Which one do you think usually takes energy
to do?• Which one then releases energy???• yarp
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And how do we make/break bonds?
• Collision theory: molecules/atoms must be moving fast enough (enough energy) to collide to make and break bonds.
• If particles are not moving fast enough, they just bounce off each other…
• yarp
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Reaction types…
The pain I go through to teach…
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5 reaction types…
• CompositionJ + S → JS
• DecompositionJS → J + S
• Single replacementMS + K → MK + S
• yarp
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• Double replacementAB + CD → AD + CB
• CombustionCarbon source + O2 → CO2 + H2O
• yarp
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Dissection of chemical reactions
The long road to glory!!!!
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The list of what we shall do• 1. identify signs of a chemical reaction and
their significance• 2. determine reactants• 3. predict products• 4. Balance reactions• 5. write it as…– Words– Formulas– Drawn models
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First balancing happy!!!!• Rules to balancing equations• 1. write the formulas of the reactants AND
products– MUST follow charge rules for ions!!!!
• 2. count the # of each element for the reactants
• 3. count the # of each element for the products
• Yarp that
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• 4. add coefficients to the LEFT of the compound to balance elements one at a time
• 5. do this for each element– Repeat until everything is balanced!!!!!
• Sweet table… yarp
atom/element Reactants products
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practice
• Silver nitrate reacts with Iron (III) chloride to produce silver chloride and iron (III) nitrate
atom/element Reactants products
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• Sodium metal reacts with water to make sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
One last practice to see what we are getting into!!!!
atom/element Reactants products
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Time to take the long road home
YOU WILL BE NEEDING 5 COLORED PENCILS, MARKERS, CRAYONS TO
SURVIVE!!!!!
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Station 1 heating steel wool• Data and observations… what did you see?
What are the signs of a reaction?
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Station 1 reaction breakdown
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Station 2 lead (II) nitrate & sodium iodide• Data and observations… what did you see?
What are the signs of a reaction?
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Station 2 reaction breakdown
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Station 3 heating copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate• Data and observations… what did you see?
What are the signs of a reaction?
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Station 3 reaction breakdown
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Station 4 sodium chloride and potassium nitrate• Data and observations… what did you see?
What are the signs of a reaction?
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Station 4 reaction breakdown
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Station 6 calcium and hydrochloric acid• Data and observations… what did you see?
What are the signs of a reaction?
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Station 6 reaction breakdown
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Station 7 burning methanol• Data and observations… what did you see?
What are the signs of a reaction?
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Station 7 reaction breakdown
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Station 5 homemade alkaseltzer• Data and observations… what did you see?
What are the signs of a reaction?
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Station 5 reaction breakdown
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More station 5 if need be….
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More station 5 more??? Man is this beefy!!!
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We be done
• Done… done for now… now done… all done
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More reaction prediction
Some cool extra tools to get the job done!!!!
Open the grid separately!!!
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Acetate Bromide
Carbonate
Chloride
Hydroxide
Iodide Nitrate Oxide Phosphate
Sulfate sulfide
Aluminum S S -- S I S S I I S d
Ammonium S S S S S S S -- S S S
Barium S S I S sS S S S I I d
Calcium S S I S sS S S S I sS I
Copper (II) S S -- S I S S I I S I
Iron (II) S S I S I S S I I S I
Iron (III) S S -- S I S S I I sS d
Lead (II) S I I I I I S I I I I
Lithium S S sS S S S S S sS S S
Magnesium S S I S I S S I I S d
Potassium S S S S S S S S S S S
Silver sS I I I -- I S I I sS I
Sodium S S S S S S S S S S S
Strontium S S I S sS S S S I I I
Zinc S S I S I S S I I S I
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Let us try it out!!!!
• Lithium hydroxide + magnesium bromide
• Sodium chloride + zinc nitrate
• Potassium bromide + copper (II) hydroxide
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Activity series…
The sweet metal lab opens us to the last section… nice
Open grid AND activity series separate
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Lab…• Rank the metals• Go over the lab.
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Element
Li
K
Ba
Ca
Na
Mg
AlZnFe
Ni
Sn
Pb
Cu
Hg
Ag
Au
Decreasing activity
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Try em…• Add aluminum to copper (II) chloride solution
• Add iron to sodium hydroxide solution
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• Add iron to silver nitrate solution
• Calcium acetate solution reacts with potassium carbonate
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Ooohhh… make me something• I want to make strontium phosphate. What
two reactants should I choose for a double replacement reaction???
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How do we get to Carnegie hall?
• Practice…• Practice…• Practice!!!
• We be done…