ELEMENTS, Atoms, Compounds and Molecules

By Terry Gunning

Elements

• Elements are made up of atoms.• All the elements are listed on the periodic

table.• Elements are purely one substance.

Atoms

• An atom is made of protons, neutrons and electrons.

• Atoms make up elements.• The amount of protons, neutrons and

electrons defines what element it is.

Metals and Non Metals

• A metal has high electrical and thermal conductivity. Metals are usually shiny, solid at room temperature, ductile and malleable. Metals normally have 1-3 electrons in their outer shell.

• Non Metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity. They can be solid, liquid or gas at room temperature. Non metals have 4-8 electrons in their outer shell.

Periodic Table

• The periodic table shows all the elements and their atomic number.

Compounds

• A compound is a substance consisting of two or more different elements that can be separated by a chemical reaction. Water is a compound made up of two hydrogen and one oxygen atom.

Chemical Reactions

• A chemical reaction is when two or more elements interact and create a new compound.

• Some chemical reactions are spontaneous and some are non-spontaneous needing input from some sort of energy (electricity, heat or light).

Identifying Chemical Reactions

• A chemical reaction is when two elements combine.

• Some times a bye product can be created like a gas.

Chemical and Physical Changes

• A chemical change is when the substance is changed chemically like metal rusting.• A physical change is when a

substance changes shape or form.

Reaction Rate and Factors Affecting It

• Reaction rate can be accelerated with heat and decreased in the cold.

THE END