Chemical Protective Clothing

Principal Objective

Participants leave with an appreciation for the selection and use of protective clothing

Specific Objectives

Describe the factors to consider in selecting protective clothing

Recognize categories of hazards Identify exposure routes List regulations and standards

affecting selection of protective clothing

Specific Objectives

Know differences among degradation, penetration, and permeation

Read and interpret a permeation chart

Select the appropriate protective clothing for a specific situation

Problem Scope

BLS: skin disease is #1 NIOSH: one of the top 20 H&S

issues Large surface area: opportunity

Site of direct injury Route of entry

Skin Disorders

About 1/3 of all reported occupational illnesses

Classifications Contact dermatitis Photosensitivity Occupational acne Pigmentary abnormalities Cancers Burns

Skin as Route of Entry

Systemic Intoxication Sole route of entry Additional to inhalation

Direct Causes

Chemical Biological / Botanical Mechanical Physical

Industries By Incidence

Agriculture / Forestry / Fishing Manufacturing Others

Construction Services Transportation Mining

Industries By Processes

Machine Tools: Cutting Oils and Coolants Plastics Manufacturing Rubber Manufacturing Food Processing Leather Tanning and Finishing Agriculture Metal Plating and Cleaning Construction

Factors to Consider in Selecting Protective

Clothing Hazards - physical, chemical,

biological Exposure duration Regulations and standards Level of protection required - EPA Material properties Garment design

Considerations: SelectingProtective Clothing

Availability of Technical Data Storage, Maintenance, Inspection,

Testing Requirements Decontamination Issues - reuse,

disposal Reusable or Limited Use Disposability

Considerations: SelectingProtective Clothing

Shelf Life Availability Cost Human Factors Environmental conditions

Industrial Hygiene Process

Is protective clothing needed?

Industrial Hygiene Process

ANTICIPATION

HAZARD RECOGNITION

EVALUATION

CONTROL

Hazard Control Hierarchy

Administrative: Operating procedures, e.g., work/rest regimes

Personal Protective Equipment: Protective apparel (clothing) Respiratory protection Eye and face protection Hand protection Foot protection Head protection

Definitions

Toxicity The inherent ability of a substance to

cause harm if there is significant exposure

Hazard The probability that a substance will

harm when it is used in a particular quantity and manner

Hazard Categories

Chemical Hazards Particulates, fibers Metal Fumes Toxic/Inert Gases Solvent Vapors

Corrosives Flammables Explosives Chemical warfare

agents

Hazard Categories

Physical Hazards Cold/Hot Surfaces Cold/Hot Ambient

Temperature Heat Stress Steam Sharp edges, sharp

points

Slippery Surfaces Uneven Terrain Low Visibility Nip points, pinch

points

Risk = Hazard x Exposure

Hazards Assessment Process

Select and have affected employee(s) use properly fitted PPE as indicated

Certify in writing that a workplace hazard assessment has been done

Chemical Hazard Group

Carcinogens/Cancer Teratagen/Developmental Toxin Mutagen/Reproductive Toxin Irritants Narcotics Sensitizers Corrosives Asphyxiants

Protective Equipment & Clothing: Is all of this needed?

Hand Protection: Gloves

Gloves are made from many polymers Butyl Isobutylene-

isoprene rubber Natural rubber Neoprene,

Chloroprene Nitrite, Acrylonitrite-

butadiene rubber

Polyethylene Polyvinyl Chloride Polyvinyl Alcohol Polyurethane Viton Polylaminate

Hand Protection: Gloves

Gloves for physical hazards Cotton Leather Synthetic fiber Synthetic film Steel yarn

Protection Level History

In early 1980’s, EPA established protection levels for PPE for hazardous chemical remediation

In 1990, OSHA adopted EPA levels as part of final rule for hazardous waste operations and emergency response

Levels now frequently used to describe full body clothing

EPA Levels of ProtectionLevel Types of PPE When Used

A Totally encapsulating suit Self-contained breathing apparatus Chemical resistant gloves/boots

Unknown situations; highest level of dermal, respiratory protection

B Chemically resistant splash suit Self-contained breathing apparatus Chemical resistant gloves/boots

High respirator hazards, moderate skin hazards

C Chemically resistant splash suit Air-purifying respirator Chemical resistant gloves/boots

Moderate respirator, skin hazards

D Coveralls, hardhat, safety glasses Optional gloves/footwear

No contaminants expected

Selection of CPC

Quick Selection Guideto Chemical Protective Clothing

• Almost 800 chemicals with CAS number and risk codes • Approximately 1000 more/corrected selection   recommendations in 96 of the total 99 chemical   classes/subclasses (ASTM F-1186)• 19 representative barrier materials• A new feature is the Trade Name Table containing   single and multi-layer generic materials vs. 22 test chemicals (ASTM F-1001/EN374-1)

Master Chemical Resistance Tablecontaining 800 chemicals organized in 96 chemical

classes

Chemical Index containing 800 chemicals, synonyms, CAS

numbers, Risk Codes and Risk Phrases