Organic Compounds Compounds containing carbon that make up living things.
Chemical Compounds in Living Things Organic Chemistry.
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Transcript of Chemical Compounds in Living Things Organic Chemistry.
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Chemical Compounds in Living Things
Organic Chemistry
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Water• The Human Body is mostly
water.• Approximately 2/3-3/4 of the
human body by weight is water.
• Water carries nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide and waste products through the body in solution.
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Carbon
•Organic Basis of Life•The chemical property of
carbon to bond covalently with other carbons form many types of structures.
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Carbohydrates•Examples
– Sugars– Starch– Glycogen– Cellulose– Composed of:
•C:H:O in a 1:2:1 ratio
•Use: For Energy!
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Carbohydrates• Provides most of body’s needed energy.• Monosaccharides: simple sugars - form a ring
structure of 5, 6, or 7 carbons an also contain an oxygen and a hydroxyl group
• Disaccharides: glucose, fructose and ribose• Polysaccharides: starches - can be branched or
unbranched chains.
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Structure of Carbohydrates
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Lipids•Examples– Fat– Wax – Oil– Composed of:
•C:H:O-but less O than carbohydrates
Use: Insulation (warmth), energy storage, makes up cell membrane and protects organs.
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Structure of Lipids
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Proteins• Examples
– Meat– Dairy (milk, cheese, eggs, nuts)– Composed of:
•C:H:O:N
• Use: muscle contraction, transport oxygen, provides immunity, carry out chemical reactions (enzymes and hormones).
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Nucleic Acids•Examples
–DNA–RNA–Composed of:–H:O:N:C+Phosphorus
•DNA use: carry out genetic code
•RNA use: instruct the cell to make proteins.
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