Chemical Building Blocks What is Chemistry? Definition: Is the study of the properties of matter and...
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Transcript of Chemical Building Blocks What is Chemistry? Definition: Is the study of the properties of matter and...
Chemical Building Blocks
What is Chemistry?
• Definition: Is the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes.
• Examples: Food cooking , grass growing, turning on lights in your room, lighting a match to name just a few
Building Blocks of Matter• Elements - is a substance that cannot be broken down into
any other substances by chemical or physical means.
• Compounds- is a substance made of two or more elements chemically combined.
• Mixtures- are made from two or more pure substances, that are in the same place but not combined as a new material.
• Solutions- Is a well mixed mixture.
• Pure Substance- Is made of only one kind of matter and has definite properties.
Changes in Matter
• Matter exists in three different forms, Solid, Liquid, and Gas.
Types of Solids• Crystalline Solids- Particles form a regular
repeating pattern.• Example: diamond• Amorphous Solid- Particles are not arranged in a
regular pattern.
• Examples: rubber, plastics, and glass.
Shape and Volume of the Three Types of Matter
• Solids: ( Particles are packed tightly together).• Solids: The form of matter that has a definite shape and volume.• Liquids: ( Particles are free to move. A liquid takes on the shape
of its container.)• Liquids: The form of matter that has a definite volume but no
definite shape.• Gas: (Particles spread apart, filling all the space available to
them.
• Gas: The form of matter that has no definite shape or volume.
Phase Change• Definition: is when matter is changed from one state
to another without undergoing a chemical change. • Example: When water is heated it changes from a
solid (ice), to a liquid (water ),to a gas (vapor).• Matter will change from one state to another if
thermal energy is absorbed or released..• Sublimation: The change in state from a solid
directly to a gas without passing through the liquid state.
Phase Changes Continued (water)
• Freezing- the change in state from a liquid to a solid.. • Melting - the change in state from a solid to a liquid.• Boiling point- the temperature at which a substance
changes from a liquid to a gas.• Condensation- the change in state from a gas to a liquid.• Vaporization- the change in state from a liquid to a gas.
• Evaporation- the process that occurs only on the surface of a liquid.
Physical Change
• A change that alters the form of the material but does not produce new substances.
• Examples: ripping paper, breaking glass, denting the fender of a car.
• Note: Water always undergoes a physical change.
Chemical Change• A change in matter that produces new substances. • Observing Chemical reactions• 1. A gas is produced ( bubbles in a liquid)• 2. A change in color occurs• 3. A change in energy also happens during the
reaction, Usually temperature changes.• 4. A solid may appear when two solutions are made.
Note: the solid that forms is called a precipitate.
Next Steps • Summarize any actions required of your
audience
• Summarize any follow up action items required of you