Chem A ReviewCovalent or Ionic,

that is the ?

Ionic Compounds

We all want to be rockstars!

Atoms want to be Noble gases

Why???

FULL OUTER SHELL

ION Formation

P = 11e = 11

Charge = 0

P = 11e = 10

Charge = +1

CATION

Positively charged atom

ANION

Negatively charged atom

Ionic Compounds

Na O

+1

-1

Na

+1

-2

Oxyanions

POLYATOMIC ANIONS WITH O and another non-metal

SO42- CO3

2-

Oxyanions

Most O Per-ate-1 O -ate-2 O -ite-3 O hypo-ite

+1 O per - ateOn - ate-1 O - ite-2 O hypo - ite

Top Down Most Common

Polyatomics to KNOW

AmmoniumHydroxideSulfatePhosphateNitrateCarbonate

NH4+

OH-

SO42-

PO43-

NO3-

CO32-

Oxyanions

NaClO4

sodium perchlorate

Al2(SO4)3

aluminum sulfate

CaCO2

calcium carbonite

K3PO2

potassium hypophosphite

Covalent Molecules

Binary Covalent Rules

1) Left to Right2) “-ide” be back!3) Junkies need their PRE-fix

a. EXCLUDE MONO on first element

Pre---FIXES

MonoDiTriTetraPentaHexaHeptaOctaNonaDeca

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Practice

CCl4

As2O3

Br2

H2O2

NF3

Carbon tetrachloride

Diarsenic trioxide

Bromine

Dihydrogen dioxide

Nitrogen Trifluoride

ACIDS

Oxyacids Binary Acids

Hydro + element-ic + acid

HCl

Hydrochloric Acid

OxyANION root – ic + Acid

H2SO4

Sulfuric Acid

Oxyacids

Sulfate

Phosphate

Nitrate

Carbonate

Chlorate

SO4

PO4

NO3

CO3

ClO3

Oxyacids

Sulfate

Phosphate

Nitrate

Carbonate

Chlorate

Sulfuric Acid

Phosphoric Acid

Nitric Acid

Carbonic Acid

Chloric Acid

H2SO4

H3PO4

HNO3

H2CO3

HClO3

SO42-

PO43-

NO3-

CO32-

ClO3-

Oxyacids

Perchloric Acid

Chloric Acid

Chlorous Acid

Hypochlorous Acid

HClO4

HClO3

HClO2

HClO

+1

----

-1

-2