The College Application Essay Charting the Course the College Allegheny College July 15, 2011.
Charting 2011
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Transcript of Charting 2011
1Pans-Ops PD Initial Course – Circling
CHARTING
Doc 8168: VOL II Part I Section 4 Chapter 9
ICAO FPPBeijing, China
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OBJECTIVE
Charting Regulation
General Concepts about Charting
General Principles of Charting
Depiction of various segments
Concept of Procedure Altitude
Symbology
At the end of this lecture, trainee is expected to acquire knowledge about:
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CHARTING
Depiction of all necessary information
Depiction of all necessary Depiction of all necessary informationinformation
ClearlyClearly
According to users’ needsAccording to users’ needs
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Pilots
ATC
AIS
Coding Companies
Charting Companies
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GENERAL REGULATIONS
Annex 4 “Aeronautical Charts”Chapter 9 Standard Departure Chart Instrument (SID) –ICAO Chapter 10 Standard Arrival Chart Instrument (STAR) –ICAO
Chapter 11 Instrument Approach Chart – ICAO
PANS-OPS Doc 8168Chapter 9 Charting/AIP
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GENERAL CONCEPTS
Convention for procedure identification Description in a plan view
SID , STAR, IAC
Description in a profile viewIAC
Textual descriptionMissed approach, SID and STAR
Tabular description for coding informationSID, STAR, IAC
Minima CaseIAC
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REQUIREMENTS
Function – information enabling to perform procedure
Availability – requirement for provision
Coverage and Scale
Projection - Conformal
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Identification
Culture and topography
Magnetic Variation
Bearings, tracks and radials
Aeronautical data
GENERAL CONTENTS
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Aerodromes
Prohibited, restricted and danger areas
Minimum Sector Altitude
Air Traffic Service System
AERONAUTICAL DATA
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CHARTED ALTITUDES/FLIGHT LEVELS
Representation Altitude Flight level
Altitude/flight level “Window” 1700010000
FL220FL100
“At or above” altitude/flight level 7000 FL60
“At or below” altitude/flight level 5000 FL50
“Mandatory” altitude/flight level 3000 FL30
“Recommended” altitude/flight level 5000 FL50
“Expected” altitude/flight level Expect 5000 Expect FL50
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Descent gradients/angles used in the final approach segment in 1/10 degree.
Where appropriate, It is preferable that they also be published for the other approach segments.
The IAF, IF, FAF, MAPt, TP and other essential fixes or points where established
Track in magnetic degree
Distance expressed in 1/10 of NM
APPROACH – GENERAL
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the following data shall be published in tabular form on the verso of the ICAO Instrument Approach Chart or as a separate, properly referenced sheet
final approach fixes/points and other essential fixes/points comprising the instrument approach procedure identified with their geographical coordinates in degrees, minutes, seconds and tenths of seconds;instrument approach procedure fix formation bearings to the nearest hundredth of a degree;instrument approach procedure fix formation distance to the nearest hundredth of a nautical mile; andfor non-precision approaches, the final approach descent angle to the nearest hundredth of a degree.
AERONAUTICAL DATABASE
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INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENTDoc 8168: Separate procedures shall be published
when:different minimum altitudes;different timings; ordifferent outbound tracks
are specified for different categories of aircraft.Annex 4
Note - A single precision or non-precision approach procedure chart may be provided to portray more than one approach procedure when the procedures for the intermediate approach, final approach and missed approach segments are identical.
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INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENT
Speeds below the minimum value for initial approach in a given aircraft category shall not be specified
If procedures are developed which exclude specific aircraft categories due to speed, this must be stated explicitly.
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An OCA and/or an OCH shall be published for each instrument approach and circling procedure.
For non-precision approach procedures, values shall be expressed in 10ft increments by rounding up as appropriate.
A straight-in OCA/H shall not be published where final approach alignment or descent gradient criteria are not met.
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FINAL APPROACH SEGMENT
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For procedures with a final descent gradient/ angle greater than the maximum value specified, a warning note shall be published on the instrument approach chartVertical guidance. Where distance information is available, to facilitate a continuous descent final approach (CDFA), descent profile advisory information for the final approach should be provided through a table showing altitudes/heights at each 1 NM. 16
FINAL APPROACH SEGMENT
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If the MAPt is defined by a facility or fix at the MAPt only, the procedure must be annotated “timing not authorized for defining the MAPt”.
The OCA/H for the nominal 2.5 per cent must always be published. Additional climb gradients only be published as alternative options.
Where operationally required to avoid obstacles, reduced speeds may be used, provided the procedure is annotated “Missed approach turn limited to KT IAS maximum.”
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MISSED APPROACH SEGMENT
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If a sector is ignored in the circling area, the published procedure must prohibit the pilot from circling within the total sector where the obstacle exists.
The length and magnetic orientation of the diverging segment and “downwind” leg on prescribed track must be published.
The maximum indicated speed if restricted below circling must be published on the chart.
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VISUAL MANOEUVRING
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DIFFERENT TYPE OF ALTITUDE
USERS
Minimum Obstacle Clearance Altitude MOCA
Operational AltitudePROCEDURE ALTITUDE
IMP : Procedure altitude are ALWAYS ≥ MOCA
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Minimum altitudes include provision for obstacle clearance but also for different items, such as :
controlled airspaceradio navigationcommunication
Need to define two types of altitudesMOCA: Minimum Obstacle Clearance Altitude Procedure altitude
DEPICTION OF DIFFERENT ALTITUDES
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To support CFIT prevention initiative, procedurealtitude should be defined for all NPAArrival and departure procedure altitude are developped to separate arriving and departingtraffic
PROCEDURE ALTITUDE
A specified altitude/height flown operationally at or above the minimum altitude/height and established to accommodate a stabilised descent at a prescribeddescent gradient/angle in the intermediate/final approach segment.
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Procedure altitude is provided in the profile view
Minimum altitude (MOCA) or a ground profile is RECOMMENDED to be depicted
MOCA in intermediate and final segment are depicted with SHADED BLOCK
DEPICTION ALTITUDE IN NPA CHART
Chart Symbols: Appendix 2 – Annex 4
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“Procedure Altitudes”
2,000’ not in database
PROCEDURE ALTITUDE / MOCA
Shaded block
Procedure Altitude
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Questions