Charge Those Particles – Day 1

p. 125

Entry Task

• Draw a Bohr model of Phosphorus.

Charge those Particles – Day 1

• Create a new title/thread “Ionization versus Dissociation” and date!

• Learning Target: • I can describe chemical bonding

between atoms.• Update your Table of Contents!

Getting Charged

• What is the difference between an ion and a dipole?• When an entire atom or molecule is

charged, it is an ion.• When one section of a molecule is positive

and another section of the same molecule is negative, it is a dipole.

Getting Charged

• Atoms are made up of charged particles (protons and electrons). How can they be neutral?• To be neutral, they have an equal number of

positive and negative charges.• In other words, the number of protons

equals the number of electrons in the atom.• The sum of positive and negative charges is

0!

Getting Charged

• Example: Let’s look at a neutral Oxygen atom.• How many positive charges does it have?• How many negative charges does it have?• What is the result when they are added

together?

Parts of the Periodic Table

Groups: Vertical columns. All groups have similar chemical properties.

Parts of the Periodic TablePeriods: The 7 rows going across the table! Also called families.

The lanthanides (aka the rare earth elements) and the actinides (aka the transuranium elements) are organized in rows rather than columns. *Interesting fact: All of the actinide series elements are radioactive!

Getting Charged

• Look at a neutrally charged Sodium atom (Na).

• What happens if that Sodium atom loses an electron?• How many positive charges does it have?• How many negative charges does it have?• What is the overall charge?• What is it called?

Getting Charged

• Example: How do you make a chloride ion (Cl1-)?

Getting Charged

• Example: How do you make a calcium ion (Ca2+)?

S&T #3 p. 128

• Sketch a microscopic view of a water solution that contains dissolved sodium chloride (NaCl). In the caption, explain the number of positive and negative ions that you have.

S&T #3 p. 128

• In sodium chloride, there is one sodium ion for every chloride ion, so the solution will show an equal number of positive and negative ions.

S&T #4 p. 128

• In magnesium chloride (MgCl2), there is one magnesium ion for every two chloride ions, so the solution will show more negative ions than positive ions.

S&T #5 p. 128

• Use chemical symbols to show the following processes:

• A neutral potassium atom becoming a 1+ potassium ion.

• A neutral calcium atom becoming a 2+ calcium ion

• A neutral fluorine atom becoming a 1- fluoride ion.

• A neutral oxygen atom becoming a 2- oxide ion.

Charge those Particles

• Read and take notes “Ionization versus Dissociation” p. 129

• Complete P&P #4-5 p. 130-131