WORK SONG

Traditional African Folk

Characteristics:

• Only voices used• Call and Response• Aural Tradition• African Tradition• During Slavery

Spiritual

Work Song

Characteristics:

• Christian lyrics• Only Voices Used• Call and Response• Aural Tradition• African Tradition• During Slavery

American March

Classical Music

Characteristics:

• European tradition• Uses saxes, trumpets, trombone, flute, snare drum

bass drum etc. • Music is written down• During Civil War• Why did armies need musicians?

Gospel

Spirituals

Characteristics:

• Christian lyrics• Complex Harmony• More instruments• African Tradition• After emancipation (slaves freed)

Blues

Spirituals

Characteristics:

• Secular Lyrics (non religous)• About Hardships• Guitar• Blues Scale• Solo Player• After emancipation (slaves freed)

Ragtime

American March

Characteristics:

• Music is often written down• European tradition• Lots of syncopation• Uses band instruments• Piano used

Jazz

BLUES and Ragtime

Characteristics:

• Secular Lyrics (non religous)• Band instruments• Blues Scale• Improvisation• Blend of European and African Traditions

R & B

Jazz and Blues

Characteristics:

• Secular Lyrics (non religous)• Band instruments• 12 bar blues formula• Blues Scale• Improvisation• Fast Tempo• Blend of European and African Traditions

Soul

Gospel and R & B

Characteristics:

• Secular Lyrics (non religous)• Started by Ray Charles• Blend of European and African Traditions

Funk

Soul and Traditional African Folk

Characteristics:

• Secular Lyrics (non religous)• Started by James Brown• Emphasis on rhythm• Leads to hip hop