Characteristic of AnimalsCharacteristic of Animals

Do you have any animals as pets at home?

AnimalsAnimals• The Animal Kingdom is divided into 35 different

phyla.• These phyla can be divided up into invertebrate

and vertebrate based on internal and external physical characteristics.

• All animals share several common characteristics:– Bodies are multi-cellular– They are heterotrophs, which means they cannot

make their own food, and must get their energy by eating plants or other animals.

– Their major functions are to obtain food and oxygen for energy, keep their internal conditions in balance, move, and reproduction.

InvertebratesInvertebrates

Marine Invertebrates

Land Invertebrates

Are invertebrates good to eat?

InvertebratesInvertebrates

• Animals without backbones. There are many more invertebrates than vertebrates. 90% of all animals are invertebrates. The largest group of invertebrates are the arthropods.

SpongesSponges

Have you ever held a marine sponge?

SpongesSponges

• Sponges are very simple animals that have many pores (holes) through which water flows. Water moves into a central cavity and out through a hole in the top. Sponges obtain their food and eliminate wastes through this passage of water. They live in fresh or salt water.

Segmented wormsSegmented worms

Segmented WormsSegmented Worms

• long tube-like bodies that are divided into segments.

• They are the simplest organisms with a true nervous system.

• A long digestive tube runs down the length of the worm’s inside body.

• Examples of segmented worms are earthworms and leeches.

• Worms digest pieces of plant and animal matter from the soil and excrete what is left.

• A worm’s feeding and burrowing activity adds nutrients and oxygen to the soil.

EchinodermsEchinoderms

If you cut a leg off of this star fish will it grow back?

EchinodermsEchinoderms

• (spiny skinned)

• arms that extend from the middle body outwards.

• They have tube feet and spines.

• Examples are starfish, brittle stars, sea cucumbers, and sea urchins.

• Sea Stars feed on clams, snails, and even other echinoderms.

ArthropodsArthropods

Have you ever been stung?

ArthropodsArthropods • have jointed legs with have segmented bodies and some

have wings. • live on land and in water; • have hard outer coverings called exoskeletons,

– Exoskeletons: strong outer shell- completely covers the body. Arthropods shed their exoskeletons because they do not grow with the animal. This process is called molting.

• Examples are insects, spiders, and crustaceans.• Obtain oxygen through gills or air tubes.

• Insects have 6 legs. Most are beetles.• Spiders have 8 legs and are called arachnids.

MollusksMollusks

What is the name of this creature?

MollusksMollusks• have soft bodies.• live in salt or fresh water or on land• Most have a thick muscular foot for

movement or to open and close their shells.

• Well developed body systems with a brain and nerves.

• Examples include snails, octopuses and squids.

VertebratesVertebrates

Have you ever seen any of these animals in person?

• Animals with backbones. • Vertebrates share other physical characteristics; for

example, a protective skin covering, an inside skeleton, muscles, blood that circulates through blood vessels, or lungs (or gills) for breathing.

• Most have legs or fins for movement and a nervous system with brains that process information from their environments through sensory organs, for example eyes, such as ears or tongues.

• Vertebrates also contain many highly developed systems associated with their specialized organs. There are thousands of species of vertebrates divided into five groups—fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals, and birds.

Vertebrates

Vertebrates differ in the way that Vertebrates differ in the way that they control their body temperature.they control their body temperature.• Ectothermic = cold blooded = their body

temperature is close to that of their environment fish, amphibians, and reptiles

• Endothermic = warm blooded = their body temperature stays constant regardless of the temperature of their environment. birds and mammals.

FishFish

Have you ever caught a fish? If yes, can you name a characteristic it had?

FishFish• Backbones• Most diverse group of vertebrates.• are cold-blooded (ectothermic)• obtain dissolved oxygen in water through gills• most lay eggs; • have scales; have fins; and live in water.• There are three major types of fish,

cartilaginous, bony, and jawless. – Examples of cartilaginous fish are sharks and rays.– Examples of bony fishes are tuna, salmon, and

goldfishes.– Examples of jawless fishes are lampreys and hagfish-

tube-like bodies.

AmphibiansAmphibians

Do you know what this frog looked like as a baby?

AmphibiansAmphibians• Backbones• are cold-blooded (ectothermic)• can breathe in water with gills early in life, and

breathe on land with lungs as adults• go through metamorphosis- tadpole to adult

frog/toad.• lay jelly-like eggs.• The major groups of amphibians are frogs, toads

and salamanders.• Frogs and salamanders have smooth, moist

skin, through which they can breathe; and live part of their life in water and part on land.

• Toads have thicker, bumpy skin and live on land.

ReptilesReptiles

What does this alligator eat?

ReptilesReptiles

• Reptiles have backbones

• are cold-blooded (ectothermic)

• breathe with lungs

• most lay eggs, although in some the eggs hatch inside the female

• and have scales or plates.

• Examples: turtles, snakes, alligators, crocodiles

MammalsMammals

Are there mammals in this room?

MammalsMammals

• Mammals have backbones;

• are warm-blooded (endothermic);

• breathe with lungs;

• Females have babies that are born alive;

• have fur or hair;

• and females produce milk to feed their young.

BirdsBirds

Winter WrenCan you guess which State this bird is recognized as the “State Bird?”

BirdsBirds

• Birds have backbones;

• are warm-blooded (endothermic);

• breathe with lungs;

• lay eggs;

• have feathers;

• and have a beak, two wings, and two feet.

Which do you think would win?Which do you think would win?

Invertebrates

Or

Vertebrates

CitationsCitations

• Streamline ETV, Vertebrate and Invertebrates, 2002.(etall)

Google, Visual Content on Vertebrates and Invertebrates, 2007