Chapters 21.1/21.2/21.3 5.1. 1a. Explain the short and long term effects of tobacco. 1e. Evaluate...
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Transcript of Chapters 21.1/21.2/21.3 5.1. 1a. Explain the short and long term effects of tobacco. 1e. Evaluate...
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UNIT 5 – ATOD
Chapters 21.1/21.2/21.3
5.1
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1a. Explain the short and long term effects of tobacco.
1e. Evaluate the impact that the use/abuse of tobacco has on families and communities.
Objectives
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Tobacco Use A serious
Health RiskAccording to the Surgeon
General, tobacco use, particularly
smoking, is the number 1 cause of
preventable disease and death in the
United States
What does preventable
mean?
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Smoking is responsible for 1 out of every 5 deaths.
Cigarette smoking kills more Americans than AIDS, alcohol, car accidents, murders, suicides, drugs, and fires combined!
Approximately 90% of all smokers start before age 18; the average age for a new smoker is 13.
Statistics
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Addictive Drug – a substance that causes physiological and psychological dependence
Physiological dependence-physically and chemically needing a
substance
Psychological dependence-mentally and emotionally needing a
substance, negative coping mechanism
Risks of Tobacco Use
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Nicotine-the addictive drug found in tobacco leaves◦ All tobacco products contain nicotine◦ Nicotine contributes to plaque buildup in blood
vessels, increasing your chance of arteriosclerosis.
◦ Stimulant – a drug that increases actions of the central nervous system, heart, and other organs
Risks of Tobacco Use
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Carcinogens – cancer causing substance Tar – thick, sticky, dark fluid produced when
tobacco burns◦ Harmful to the lungs because it paralyzes cilia.
Carbon Monoxide – colorless, odorless, and poisonous gas◦ When present in the blood, the body’s tissues and cells
are deprived of oxygen!
SMOKE FROM BURNING TOBACCO IS TOXIC AND SMOKE (AND SECOND HAND SMOKE) IS CONSIDERED A GROUP A CARCINOGEN, THE MOST DANGEROUS CARCINOGEN!
Cigarette Smoke
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Smokeless Tobacco – sniffed through the nose, held in the mouth, or chewed
Leukoplakia – thick, white, leather spots on the inside of the mouth then can develop into oral cancer◦ The mouth has sensitive tissues that are damaged
easily
BECAUSE IT IS HELD IN THE MOUTH FOR A LENGTH OF TIME, THE AMOUNT OF NICOTINEN AND CARNINOGENS (28) AT 2-3X’S THE AMOUNT OF SMOKING TOBACCO
Smokeless TobaccoNOT A SAFE ALTERNATIVE TO SMOKING TOBACCO
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Carcinogens in Cigarettes and Smokeless Tobacco
Which chemicals are you shocked to learn are in
cigarettes?
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Actual List of Chemicals in Cigarettes
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Effects of
Tobacco on the
Body
Short Term
Effects
Changes in Brain Chemistry
Increased Respirations
Increased Heart Rate
Dulled taste buds
Reduced appetite
Bad breath
Smelly hair
Smelly clothesSmelly
skin
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Long-term Effects of Tobacco on the Body
Nervous SystemAddictionIncreased risk of Stroke
Outward AppearanceAging of skin WrinklesDiscoloration of skin
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Respiratory System◦ Smoker’s Hack◦ Emphysema –
destroys tiny air sacs in the lungs, making breathing
extremely difficult.◦ Lung Cancer
Long-Term Effects Continued…
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Long-Term… Digestive SystemCancer (mouth, throat)
Cardiovascular System
Increased blood pressure, heart attack, hardened arteries
Excretory SystemIncreased cancer risk of the bladder, kidneys
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Quick Write
Do you think that graphic warning labels on cigarette packages will discourage teenagers from starting to smoke?
What about individuals who already smoke? Would these labels discourage them from smoking?
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1. Legal Consequence ◦ Tobacco use is illegal for anyone under the age of
18 in all states, 19 in the State of Utah, Alaska, and Alabama
Illegal to smoke inside in any establishment in what states?◦ Cannot smoke within 25 ft of any air intake or
door/window◦ Have to smoke out in the cold◦ Against the law to smoke in a car with a child
Consequences of Tobacco Use
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2. Social Consequences◦ Many find the smell of smoke offensive◦ Smoke Breaks◦ Housing
Consequences Continued…
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3. Financial Consequence◦ Someone who smokes a pack of
cigarettes a day will spend more than $2,000/yr. Tax payers pay more than $97 Billion/Yr. in medical costs for tobacco users
What could you buy with $2,000.00?
97,000,000/Taxpayers = ?
Consequences Continued…
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Prevention Strategies
Write down 3 Prevention Strategies!
1. Choose friends that don’t use tobacco
2. Avoid situations where tobacco may be used
3. Practice refusal skills◦ Your refusal skill may be
simple “No thanks”
◦ Your refusal skill may need a reason “No, I can’t. I need to stay
fit and ready for my track meet.”
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Within 20 min – blood pressure and pulse rates drop. Body temp in limbs return to normal
Within 8 hrs – oxygen levels return to normal In 24 hrs – chance of heart attack decreases In 48 hrs – nerve endings begin to re-grow. Sense of taste and
smell improves In 3 days – breathing becomes easier as lung capacity
increases In 2 weeks to 3 months – lungs function up to 30% better In 1 to 9 months – lung cilia re-grow, and coughing, sinus
congestion, and shortness of breath decrease In 1 year – coronary heart disease risk is cut in half In 5 years – risk of cancers (lung, mouth, throat, esophagus)
is reduced by 50% In 10 years – risk of cancers (bladder, kidney, cervix,
pancreas) decreases
What Happens When a Smoker Quits?
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Nicotine Withdrawal – cravings and discomforts caused by the absence of the nicotine
Nicotine Substitute – products that deliver small amounts of nicotine into the users system to help them give up the tobacco habit◦ Examples?
It is important to avoid social triggers!
Stopping the Addiction
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Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) – air that has been contaminated by tobacco smoke
Risks for Non-Smokers
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Mainstream Smoke Sidestream Smoke
Smoke exhaled from the lungs of a smoker
Smoke from the burning end of a cigarette, pipe, or cigar
◦ More dangerous than mainstream smoke because it has higher concentrations of carcinogens, nicotine, and tar.
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Effects on Infants and Children
Infants who’s parents smoke
Children who’s parents smoke
Fetal growth and development
Miscarriages Premature delivery Low birth weight Deformities Still births 2.5 times more likely
to die from SIDS
Asthma Respiratory infections 2 times more likely to
develop lung cancer 3 times more likely to
take up the habit
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1a. Explain the short and long term effects of tobacco.
1e. Evaluate the impact that the use/abuse of tobacco has on families and communities.
Objectives
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Assignment Activity
Chapter 21 Review◦Recalling the Facts #1-11 pg 558
The Smoke-Out Activity