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![Page 1: Chapter Two Review Chapter Two Review (review – noun - a looking at or looking over again) Scandinavian representation of the god Tyr. Circa A.D. 9 th.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e455503460f94b3a502/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter Two Review
(review – noun - a looking at or looking over again)
Mr. Wyka - World History Honors
Scandinavian representation of the god Tyr. Circa A.D. 9th century
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Chapter 2 – Western Asia & Egypt3500 – 500 B.C.
Key Events• The Sumerians in Mesopotamia were among
the 1st groups to develop a civilization, and they were the first (TWKO) to develop a system of writing.
• Due in large part to the Nile, Egyptian civilization was stable and prosperous. – Massive monuments, the pyramids, were built in
the Old Kingdom to honor the pharaohs.
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Chapter 2 – Western Asia & Egypt3500 – 500 B.C.
Key Events continued• The Israelites emerged as a distinct people.• The Phoenicians developed a phonetic
alphabet, the ancestor of our own alphabet. • Many other empires rose and fell in this area
during this time frame, but the largest and longest lasting of these were the Assyrian and Persian empires.
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Complete the following Important Phrase from Chapter 2.1
Civilization begins in ….
Mesopotamia
Pg 37
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The first civilization in Mesopotamia was that of the ….
Sumerians
Pg 38
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Around 2340 B.C., Sargon, ruler of the Akkadians, conquered the Sumerian city-states and set up the world’s first ….
empire
Pg 40
Cuneiform – “wedge” shaped
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The Law Code of ___________ , a collection of 282 laws, was based on a system of strict justice.
Hammurabi
Pg 41
Penalties in Hammurabi’s Law Code varied according to the _________ of the victim.
social class
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Society in ancient Mesopotamia was _______ (dominated by men).
patriarchal
Pg 41
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Egyptians called the rich land flooded annually by the Nile the _________Land.
Black
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Sumerians created this system of writing, meaning “wedge shaped” around 3000 B.C.
cuneiform
Pg 42
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The name given to a large political unit or state, usually under a single leader, that controls many peoples or territories:
EMPIRE
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Four important Sumerian inventions:
• The Wheel
Pg 43
• The Arch• The Sundial• Bronze from copper & tin
• Number system based on 60
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Mesopotamia civilization grew up between what two rivers?
Tigris & Euphrates Rivers
Pg 37
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Egyptian civilization can be divided into 3 main periods…
Old KingdomMiddle KingdomNew Kingdom
Pg 47
The pyramids were built in which period?
OLD KINGDOM
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Which Egyptian god was slain by his brother, only to be brought back to life by Isis, his sister-wife?
OSIRIS
Pg 46Osiris, Isis and Nephthys – topOsiris and Aton - left
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A government ruled by divine authority is a …
theocracy
Pg 39
Four 65 ft tall statues of Ramses II
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This age lasted from 2050 to 1652 B.C. and was marked by stability, a new concern for the common people, and the expansion into Nubia:
Middle Kingdom
Pg 49
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The invasion of these people marked the end of the Middle Kingdom…
the Hyksos
Pg 50
Egypt created an empire and became the most powerful state in Southwest Asia during this period…
NEW KINGDOM 1567 TO 1085 B.C.
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From the Hyksos invaders, the Egyptians learned to make ____?_____ weapons and tools, a dramatic improvement over their copper weapons and tools.
BRONZE
Pg 50 Khopesh
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The last pharaoh; sought to ally Egypt with Rome but chose the loser in a war of Roman generals.
Cleopatra
Pg 51
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New Kingdom pharaoh Akhenaton is known to us for…
Introduced the worship of one god – Aton - and closed the temples of the old gods of Egypt.
Pg 50
The first woman to become pharaoh…
HATSHEPSUT of the New Kingdom
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This term refers to a particular group of people who used a language derived from a single parent tongue. Greek, Latin, Persian, Sanskrit, and the Germanic languages are descended from this root language.
Indo-European
Pg 54
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The first of the Indo-European peoples (TWKO) to make use of iron…
Hittites
Pg 55
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The Phoenician culture is best known to us today for its …
Alphabet
Pg 56
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This group of Semitic speaking people lived south of the Phoenicians …
Israelites
Pg 59
Israelites in Ninevah
Belief in one God…
Monotheism
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This Macedonian conquered the Persian Empire in the 330s B.C.
Alexander the Great
Pg 64
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The first empire (TWKO) was the _________ Empire.
Akkadian
Sargon of Akkad
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The Nile River flows (north or south)? NORTH
Northern Egypt where the Nile flows into the Mediterranean is called…
LOWER EGYPT
Why?
Elevation
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The invention of cuneiform is credited to …
the Sumerians
Pg 42
Cuneiform payroll records of women in the temple service
for 2 months.
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Which Persian king extended the empire to its largest extent – to the largest empire the world had yet seen?
Darius
Pg 63
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The history of Egypt begins around 3100 B.C. when …Menes (Narmer) united Upper & Lower Egypt
Pg 47
King Menes (Narmer) subduing his foes. Narmer Palette.