CHAPTER 9 INDIA (500 b.c.e – 500 c.e.). MAURYAN EMPIRE.
-
Upload
christiana-russell -
Category
Documents
-
view
224 -
download
2
Transcript of CHAPTER 9 INDIA (500 b.c.e – 500 c.e.). MAURYAN EMPIRE.
CHAPTER 9INDIA (500 b.c.e – 500 c.e.)
MAURYAN EMPIRE
CHANDRAGUPTA
•First empire•Efficient govt.•Military expansion
PATALIPUTRA
•18 sq. mi.•Largest city
GOVT.
•Provinces, districts•Secret police
MILITARY
•700k men•Expansion, power
ECONOMY
•Mining, manufacturing•Infrastructure •Foreign trade•State-controlled •Promote private investment
ASHOKA
•Grandson•Most popular ruler•Buddhism official religion
▫Expansion
•Religious toleration
MAURYAN DECLINE
•After Ashoka’s death•Logistical issues
▫Large empire
GUPTA (320-500)
•Reunite India•Cultural renaissance
GUPTA
•Politically, economically same as Mauryan•Smaller land, bureaucracy•Religious toleration
▫Hinduism favored▫brahmans
ART/LITERATURE
•Love of life▫Lovers embracing, musicians, dancers
•Golden age of lit.▫Religious, philosophical, drama▫Poetry, adventures▫Thieves, courtesans, beasts▫Kama Sutra”
SCIENCE•Learning stimulus•Buddhist university (Nalanda)
▫Foreigners
•1-9, “zero”▫Influences
•Math, astronomy▫Cube roots, sines, factors
MEDICINE
•Hospitals – free•Animals •Sterilized wounds•Cesarean operations•Plastic surgery •Known diseases, treatments:
▫Jaundice, abcess, tumor, diarrhea, fever
•Leprosy treatment▫Unknown to west for centuries
BUDDHISM
•India •Challenge Hinduism•Nonviolence•Major religion: Asia•Siddhartha Guatama•Monasticism
BELIEFS
•End rebirth: Nirvana•Moral conduct and meditation•Sorrow everywhere
4 NOBLE TRUTHS
1. Suffering dominates2. Why? 3. We can rid of suffering4. Follow 8 fold path to Nirvana
JAINISM
•Challenged Hinduism•India, 5th century B.C.•Mahavira
BELIEFS
•Ahimsa: nonviolence•All things – jiva (soul)•No meat and wine•Hindu beliefs
▫Karma ▫Moksa
•Different path to pursue Moksa
BELIEFS
•Ultimate goal: ▫Renounce world▫Wandering monk, nun
BELIEFS
•No meat and wine•Fasting•Five virtues:
▫Non-violence▫Truth▫Do not steal▫Chastity▫Worldly things
JAINISM
•Drastic beliefs