Chapter 8, Section 1

A Heritage ofA Heritage of

Diversity and ExchangeDiversity and Exchange

diversity

Diversity means a wide variety of cultures.When the United States and Canada became separate countries in 1783,

the new boundaries did not divide the cultural regions that already existed.

cultural exchangeCultural exchange isthe process by which

different peoples share

ideas and customs.For example, Native Americans

shared more than just skills,they told stories that explained

their way of life.When the Europeans arrived,

their culture completely changedthe Natives’ cultures.

However…Native Americans alsocontributed to a newEuropean way of life

(especially their foods).

African rhythms wouldpermanently alterEuropean music,

making a new“American” sound.

diffusion and acculturation

From Chapter 4:Diffusion is the movement of customs and ideas betweencultures. Acculturation is the process of borrowing ideas

and customs and adapting them to your culture.

ethnic groupAn ethnic group ismade up of people

who share a commonlanguage, history,

and culture.

A group of Russian and Ukrainian

settlers helped the CanadianPrairie Provinces becomeone of the leading wheat-

growingregions in the world.

cultural patternsAlthough they were

both British colonies,

the U.S. and Canadahave encouragedimmigration from

other ethnic groupsto increase their

work force.

political asylumPolitical asylum

is a person’s rightto ask a

foreign countryfor protection

against persecution

from his or herown country.

fitting in

maintaining traditions

In 1976, thousands of Vietnamese immigrants came toOklahoma City. Their neighborhood is called “Little Saigon.”

cultural ties

literacyLiteracy is the

abilityto read and write.The United Statesand Canada have

highly literatepopulations.

We read the same books, listen tothe same music, and watch the

same movies and television shows.

standard of livingThe standard of living is a measure of the

necessities, freedoms, and comfort that people have access to.

travel and tourismMillions of Canadians travel to the U.S. each

year,with a large number visiting Florida.

Chapter 8, Section 2

The United States:The United States:

A Nation of A Nation of ImmigrantsImmigrants

Ellis Island“…This is the only

country where you’re not a stranger, because we are all strangers. It’s only a matter of time who got here first.”

~Lazarus Salamon,Hungarian immigrant

steady growth

In 1790, the population of the United States was 4 million.

Today, it’s 315 million.

First ContactEuropeans and Native

Americans

ConflictAs Europeansmoved west,they forced

Native Americans

into a series ofwars for controlof the continent.

reservationsReservations are federal landsset aside for Native Americans.

treatiesTreaties are

formal agreements.From 1778 to 1871,the United States

signed hundreds oftreaties with the

American Indians.Most of themwere broken.

The American Indian Movement

In the 1960s,Native Americansbegan working for

better living conditionsand equal rights.They formed theAmerican Indian

Movement.

Dennis Banks, left, was and

is one of their leaders.

waves of immigrants

influences

on ourculture

influences from our culture

Chapter 8, Section 3

The Canadian MosaicThe Canadian Mosaic

a different wayCanadians favor multiculturalism, rather thanblending all the cultures together like the U.S.

“Je me souviens”French Canadians in Quebec are concerned about preserving

their heritage. Many want Quebec to become a separate country.Their rallying cry is “Je me souviens” - “I remember.”

First NationsThe Assembly of

First Nationsis an organization

to preservethe cultureof Canada’s

indigenous, ornative, people.

The InuitThe Inuit have lived

in the Arcticfor centuries.

They have always beenself-sufficient, but

modern technology iscausing them to lose

their traditional skills.

Asian immigration

Since 2002,

more thanhalf of

Canada’simmigrantshave comefrom Asia.

Most Canadiansfeel that the

United Stateshas too muchinfluence ontheir culture.

They encourage people

to express theirethnic heritage and to

“Be Canadian.”

Canadian culture

Canadian culture