Chapter 8 Sampling Distribution

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STANDARD

2.50

2.00

1.50

1.00

.50

0.00

-.50

-1.00

-1.50

-2.00

-2.50

Histogram5

4

3

2

1

0

Std. Dev = 1.26

Mean = .05

N= 16.00

G

 H"&'& .2 4/:&'%#./%< #/;@#'.#3.-.%< ./ 54' &2%.,#%&26'5, 2#,$-&2

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 7&#/ 56 # '#/;5,

2#,$-& ,#< ;.66&' 6'5,$5$4-#%.5/ ,&#/

Figure: Sample of 16 observations from a

 Normal distribution with mean 0

and standard deviation 1

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ONE

6.05.04.03.02.01.0

1000 rolls of 1 die300

200

100

0

Std. Dev =1.48

Mean =3.5

N=1000.00

M

TWO

6.05.04.03.02.01.0

1000 means of 2 dice

400

300

200

100

0

Std.Dev =1.04

Mean= 3.5

N=1000.00

FOUR

6.005.50

5.004.50

4.003.50

3.002.50

2.001.50

1000 means of 4 dice300

200

100

0

Std. Dev = .76

Mean = 3.51

N= 1000.00

TEN

5.504.50

3.502.50

1.50

1000 means of 10 dice400

300

200

100

0

Std. Dev = .49

Mean = 3.51

N= 1000.00

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2.K&

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ONENORMA

4   . 0   0   3   . 5   0   

3   . 0   0   2   . 5   0   

2   . 0   0   1   . 5   0   

1   . 0   0   . 5   0   

0   . 0   0   -  . 5   0   

-  1   . 0   0   

-  1   . 5   0   

-  2   . 0   0   

-  2   . 5   0   

-  3   . 0   0   

Original Distribution120

100

80

60

40

20

0

Std. Dev =.95

Mean =-.00

N=1000.00

R

TWONORMA

2   . 5   0   2   . 2   5   

2   . 0   0   1   . 7   5   

1   . 5   0   1   . 2   5   

1   . 0   0   . 7   5   

. 5   0   . 2   5   

0   . 0   0   -  . 2   5   

-  . 5   0   -  . 7   5   

-  1   . 0   0   

-  1   . 2   5   

-  1   . 5   0   

-  1   . 7   5   

-  2   . 0   0   

Sample means n=2140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

Std.Dev =.73

Mean=-.00

N= 1000.00

TENNORMA

. 8   8   . 7   5   

. 6   3   . 5   0   

. 3   8   . 2   5   

. 1   3   0   . 0   0   

-  . 1   3   -  . 2   5   

-  . 3   8   -  . 5   0   

-  . 6   3   -  . 7   5   

-  . 8   8   

-  1   . 0   0   

Sample means n=10100

80

60

40

20

0

Std. Dev = .32

Mean = .03

N= 1000.00

ONESKEW

1   3   . 0   0   

1   2   . 0   0   

1   1   . 0   0   

1   0   . 0   0   

9   . 0   0   

8   . 0   0   

7   . 0   0   

6   . 0   0   

5   . 0   0   

4   . 0   0   

3   . 0   0   

2   . 0   0   

1   . 0   0   

0   . 0   0   

Original population300

200

100

0

Std. Dev =2.12

Mean=2.10

N= 1000.00

)

TWOSKEW

1   0   . 0   0   

9   . 0   0   8   . 0   0   

7   . 0   0   6   . 0   0   

5   . 0   0   4   . 0   0   

3   . 0   0   2   . 0   0   

1   . 0   0   0   . 0   0   

Sample means n=2200

100

0

Std.Dev =1.45

Mean=2.03

N= 1000.00

TENSKEW

4   . 6   3   4   . 3   8   

4   . 1   3   3   . 8   8   

3   . 6   3   3   . 3   8   

3   . 1   3   2   . 8   8   

2   . 6   3   2   . 3   8   

2   . 1   3   1   . 8   8   

1   . 6   3   1   . 3   8   

1   . 1   3   . 8   8   

. 6   3   

Sample means n=10100

80

60

40

20

0

Std. Dev = .62

Mean = 2.00

N= 1000.00

THIRY

3.50

3.25

3.00

2.75

2.50

2.25

2.00

1.75

1.50

1.25

1.00

Sample means n=30200

100

0

Std. Dev = .37

Mean = 2.00

N= 1000.00

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