Chapter 8 Primate and Hominin Origins. Walking on two feet? How does that work?
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Transcript of Chapter 8 Primate and Hominin Origins. Walking on two feet? How does that work?
![Page 1: Chapter 8 Primate and Hominin Origins. Walking on two feet? How does that work?](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649edb5503460f94bebb9c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 8
Primate and Hominin Origins
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Walking on two feet?• How does that work?
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Bipedalism!• To walk habitually on two feet, there had to
be substantial changes to the pelvis, knees, and feet.
• The Pelvis is comparatively much shorter and broader than an Ape’s and extends around to the side, stabilizing the line of weight transmission from lower back to hip joint
• Example…
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Human Os Coxae
• The human os coxae is composed of three bones (right side shown).
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Ossa Coxae (“hip bones”)
• (a) Homo sapiens.• (b) Early hominin from
South Africa. • (c) Great ape.• Note the length and
breadth of the iliac blade (boxed) and the line of weight transmission.
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More Ossa Coxae
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Bipedalism!• To walk habitually on two feet, there had to
be substantial changes to the pelvis, legs/knees, and feet.
• The Legs and Knees …
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Land on heal
· Push off toes
· Longer limbs to maximize movement
· Full extension of Knee
Longer legs, full knee extension
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Femur - The femur is angled inward, keeping legs under the body
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Bipedalism!• To walk habitually on two feet, there had to
be substantial changes to the pelvis, legs/knees, and feet.
• The Feet…
![Page 11: Chapter 8 Primate and Hominin Origins. Walking on two feet? How does that work?](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649edb5503460f94bebb9c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Foot as stable suport
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Models on WHY?• Why we became bipedal (6 hypotheses)
Efficient bipedalism as the primary form of locomotion is seen only in hominins.