Chapter 8 Notes. Energy Flows Between Living Things Photosynthesis- process by which light energy is...
-
Upload
morgan-beasley -
Category
Documents
-
view
221 -
download
2
Transcript of Chapter 8 Notes. Energy Flows Between Living Things Photosynthesis- process by which light energy is...
Energy Flows Between Living Things
• Photosynthesis-process by which light energy is converted to chemical energy.
• Autotrophs-organisms that use energy from sunlight or inorganic substances to make organic substances (ex: sugar)
• Heterotrophs—organisms that must get their energy from food instead of directly from sunlight or other inorganic substances
ATP
• a portable form of energy “currency” inside the cells. The energy released from ATP powers chemical reactions in your cells.
• ATP releases energy when the bond between one of the 3 phosphates breaks, forming ADP (diphosphate). As the bond breaks, energy is released that the cell can use.
Photosynthesis- Light Reactions
1. Sunlight strikes the chlorophyll located in the chloroplast in the plant.
2. This activates a system that splits H2O into hydrogen and oxygen; oxygen is released.
Light Reactions continued
3. “Excited” electrons move through the electron transport chain and produce molecules of ATP and NADPH.
Photosynthesis- Dark Reactions (Calvin Cycle)
1. CO2 is “fixed” to a compound to form a simple sugar
2. Two of these simple sugars combine to form glucose.
• The Equation for Photosynthesis
• Reactants: CO2(carbon dioxide) + H2O (water)
• Products: C6H12O6(glucose) + O2 (oxygen)