Chapter 8 New Research Field in Molecular Biology
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Transcript of Chapter 8 New Research Field in Molecular Biology
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Chapter 8 New Research Field in
Molecular Biology
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8.1 Bioinformatics
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1. What is bioinformatics?
Bioinformatics and computational biology
involve the use of techniques including applied
mathematics, informatics, statistics, computer
science, artificial intelligence, chemistry, and
biochemistry to solve biological problems
usually on the molecular level.
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2. Major research fields(1) Sequence analysis(3) Computational evolutionary biology(4) Measuring biodiversity(5) Analysis of gene expression(6) Analysis of regulation(7) Analysis of protein expression(8) Analysis of mutations in cancer(9) Prediction of protein structure(10) Comparative genomics(11) Modeling biological systems(12) High-throughput image analysis
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3. Databases BLAST ACCESS dbEST / Expressed Sequence Tags database ceDB databases Phenotypic databases LIMS BASE MOLCAS ……..
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8.2 Proteome & Proteomics
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1. What is Proteome?
Proteome - All the proteins expressed by a
cell , tissue or organism at a particular time
and under specific conditions.
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Proteomics is the systematic study of all of the proteins in a cell, tissue, or organism. The analysis includes the identification, expression, localizations, functions (physiological and pathophysiological functions), and interactions of proteomes.
2. What is Proteomics?
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4. Branches of Proteomics
Expressional Proteomics
Functional Proteomics
Structural Proteomics
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Protein Microarrays
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蛋白质芯片的意义用于构建蛋白质表达谱 ,进行抗原 -抗体筛选 ,药物靶点筛选 ,蛋白质 -蛋白质交互作用筛选等是蛋白质组进行功能分析的新技术
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一种蛋白质的所有变异体 一个蛋白质家族的所有成员 一条信号通路中的所有蛋白质 一种组织、器官或有机体的所有蛋白质
一个芯片上可以容纳
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Different Kinds of Protein Arrays
Antibody Array Antigen Array Ligand Array
Detection by: SELDI MS, fluorescence, SPR, electrochemical, radioactivity, microcantelever
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蛋白质芯片检测
探针标记检测法 无探针标记检测法
表面增强激光解吸离子化技术(Surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization, SELDI)
表面等离子体共振检测技术( surface plasmon resonance, SPR )
原子力显微镜检测技术( atomic force microscope, AFM )
同位素标记检测
荧光标记检测
化学发光检测
酶免疫标记检测
胶体金标记检测
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蛋白质芯片的应用
疾病诊断和预警
药物开发
蛋白质组学
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Problems
Expensive
Standard
Specificity
Sensitivity
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Functional Proteomics (in vitro) Multi-well plate readers Full automation/robotics Fluorescent and/or chemi-luminescent
detection Small volumes (L) Up to 1536 wells/plate Up to 200,000 tests/day Mbytes of data/day
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In silico methods (bioinformatics) Genome-wide Protein Tagging Genome-wide Gene Deletion or Knockouts Random Tagged Mutagenisis or Transposon
Insertion Yeast two-hybrid Methods Protein (Ligand) Chips
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Structural Proteomics
High Throughput protein
structure determination via
X-ray crystallography
NMR
spectroscopy
comparative molecular
modeling
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Structural Proteomics: The Goal
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Why Structural Proteomics?
Structure Function
Structure Mechanism
Structure-based Drug Design
Solving the Protein Folding Problem
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Bioinformatics & Proteomics
Proteomics Genomics
Medicine
Bioinformatics
Agriculture
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8.3 Metabonome & Metabonomics
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1. What is Metabonome ?
- It refers the complete set of met
abologically regulated elements i
n cells.
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2. What is Metabonomics
Metabonomics is the branch of science concern
ed with the quantitative understandings of the met
abolite complement of integrated living systems an
d its dynamic responses to the changes of both end
ogenous factors and exogenous factors.
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代谢组学的中心任务: 对内源性代谢物质的整体及其动态变化 对规律进行检测,量化和编录 确定此变化规律和生物过程的有机联系
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代谢组学的应用
疾病诊断 药物的疗效和毒性评价 植物的细胞代谢组学评价
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By the end...
Systems Biology
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Final Exam
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