Chapter 8 Molecular & Formula Masses. Atomic mass The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom.
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Transcript of Chapter 8 Molecular & Formula Masses. Atomic mass The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom.
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Chapter 8
Molecular & FormulaMasses
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Atomic mass
• The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom.
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When using atomic masses make sure to round to at least one decimal place.
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What is the atomic mass of actinium (Ac)?
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What is the atomic mass of hydrogen (H)?
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What is the mass of hydrogen (H2)?
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Determine the Molecular Mass of Vitamin AC20H30O
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Determine the Molecular Mass of Vitamin AC20H30O
20 x 12.0 = 240.030 x 1.0 = 30.01 x 16.0 = 16.0 = 286.0 amu
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Formula Mass
• The formula mass is the mass of an ionic compound.
• An ionic compound is formed from a combination of metals and nonmetals.
• Formulas masses are calculated the same as molecular masses.
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Determine the Formula Mass of Calcium PhosphateCa3(PO4)2
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Determine the Formula Mass of Calcium PhosphateCa3(PO4)2
3 x 40.1 = 120.32 x 31.0 = 62.08 x 16.0 = 128.0 = 310.3 amu
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The Mole
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The MoleThe Mole
• A counting unit• Similar to a dozen, except instead
of 12, it’s 602 billion trillion 602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000
• 6.02 X 1023 (in scientific notation)• This number is named in honor of
Amedeo Avogadro (1776 – 1856)Amedeo Avogadro (1776 – 1856), and is called Avogadro’s Number.
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The Mole (mol)The Mole (mol)• 1 mole of cookies = 6.02 X 1023 cookies
• 1 mole of cars = 6.02 X 1023 cars
• 1 mole of Al atoms = 6.02 X 1023 atoms
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How big is a mole?
• How many cents are in one mole of pennies?
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How big is a mole?
• How many cents are in one mole of pennies?
6.02 x 1023¢
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How big is a mole?
• How many dollars are in 6.02 x 1023¢?
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How big is a mole?
• How many cents are in one mole of pennies?
= $6.02 x 1021
6.02 x 1023¢100¢$1
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How big is a mole?
• There are about 6.6 billion (6.6 x 109) people on earth.
• If we divided the 1 mole of pennies ($6.02 x 1021) equally among all the people on earth how many dollars would you have?
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How big is a mole?
• There are about 6.6 billion (6.6 x 109) people on earth.
• If we divided the 1 mole of pennies ($6.02 x 1021) equally among all the people on earth how many dollars would you have?
$6.02 x 1021
6.6 x 109 people= $9.1 x 1011/person
$910,000,000,000 = 910 billion dollars
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How big is a mole?
• How many years would it take you to spend your 910 billion dollars if you spent $100,000 per day?
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How big is a mole?
• How many years would it take you to spend your 910 billion dollars if you spent $100,000 per day?
$9.1 x 1011
$100,000
day
365 days
year
= 25,000 years
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25,000 years ago
Neanderthals died out about 25,000 years ago
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Homework
• Finish Mole Worksheet “How Big is a Mole”.
• Molecular and Formula Mass Worksheet
• Don’t forget to show your work on your calculations.