Chapter 8 Lecture Managing Your Weight. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Learning Outcomes Explain...

Chapter 8 Lecture

ManagingYour Weight

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

Learning Outcomes

• Explain why obesity is both a worldwide trend and a serious concern in America.

• Discuss the effects of body weight on wellness.

• Identify several effective tools for successful weight management.

• List reasons why some diets work but most fail.


Learning Outcomes continued

• Describe the major eating disorders.

• Choose a realistic target weight based on your metabolic rate, activity level, eating habits, and environment.

• Create a behavior change plan for long-term weight management.


Weight Management Concepts

• Overweight– Having a BMI of 25 to 29; or, having body

weight above 10% of recommended levels

• Obese– Having a BMI of 30 or more; or, having body

weight above 20% of recommended levels

• Underweight– Having a BMI below 18.5; or, having body

weight lower than 10% of recommended levels


Weight Management Concepts continued

• Energy Balance: – Amount of calories consumed relative to the

amount expended

• Negative Caloric Balance: – Calories consumed fall below calories

expended (weight loss)

• Positive Caloric Balance:– Calories consumed exceed calories expended

(weight gain)


Weight Management Concepts continued

• Isocaloric Balance: – Calories consumed are about equal to those

used

• Weight Management: – Balancing calories consumed and calories

expended on a lifelong basis, through exercise and activity


Why Is Obesity on the Rise?

• Worldwide trend: – "Globesity" is reaching epidemic rates, due to diets

high in processed fats, meats, sugars, and refined starches combined with more sedentary lifestyles.

• Energy imbalance is common in America due to:– Overconsumption– Too little exercise– Genes, age, and other biological factors– Lifestyle choices


The Rise of Obesity


Obesity Rates for Children on the Rise


Changes in Obesity Rates Across America


Changes in Portion Size


Miscounting Calories

• What is the misconception about the number of calories reported on the labels of some popular diet foods?

• Why is more than one sample of a particular food tested to determine the correct calorie count?

• Why does the FDA allow such a wide range of labeling of calories on prepared foods?


How Body Weight Affects Wellness

• High BMI and abdominal fat are associated with higher chronic disease risk.

• Body weight:– Can promote or diminish fitness– Can have social consequences– Can influence risks for chronic diseases– Affects life expectancy

• Metabolic syndrome: – Condition marked by high blood pressure, cholesterol,

and abdominal fat deposits, along with insulin resistance

– Increases chronic disease risks related to inflammation, an immune reaction


Body Weight and the Risks for Chronic Disease


Fitness and Mortality Rates


Why Most Diets Don't Succeed

• Diets often lead to weight cycling (repeatedly losing and then gaining back weight).

• Rigid diets are restrictive, unpleasant, and discouraging.

• Flexible diets tend to be more effective and better at encouraging changes in long-term eating habits.

• Yo-yo dieting refers to following a series of diets and gaining back the weight lost on each.

• Many diet products and plans are ineffective.


Weight Cycling Example: Kirstie Alley


Food Diary Diet Writing

• How does keeping a good diary improve your chances of doubling your weight loss?

• What else did the dieters do to lose weight?


What Are Eating Disorders?

• Disordered eating is abnormal consumption of food that diminishes wellness but usually doesn't last a long time.

• Eating disorders are disturbed patterns of eating that result in serious medical problems and are long lasting.

• Body dysmorphic disorder is a syndrome in which a person becomes obsessed with a physical defect.


Eating Disorders continued

• Three Common Eating Disorders– Anorexia nervosa– Bulimia nervosa– Binge eating disorder

• Eating disorders have distinctive symptoms and identifiable features.

• Eating disorders can be effectively treated through medical and psychological therapies.


Thinking Patterns Associated with Healthy and Disordered Eating


Anorexia Nervosa: Severe Weight Loss


Extreme Healthy Eating

• What is orthorexia? What kinds of food does a person with orthorexia eat?

• Why can eating "too much healthy" food be a bad thing?

• What are the five warning signs of orthorexia?


Concepts Required to Achieve Your Weight Goals

• Recognize the role of metabolic rate—metabolism slows with age over time, so food intake must also diminish.– Basal metabolic rate (BMR)– Resting metabolic rate (RMR)

• Recognize your body's set point—a preprogrammed weight that your body tends to return to naturally when you gain or lose small amounts of weight.


Balance Your Energy Equation


How Can I Create a Behavior Change Plan for Weight Management?

• Assess Your Current Weight and Choose a Realistic Goal

• Contemplate Weight Management

• Prepare for Better Weight Management– Think about your beliefs and attitudes– Consider your goals– Identify your barriers to change– Visualize new behaviors


How to Determine Your Own BMI


Take Action

• Commit to Your Goals– Thinking and talking about your commitment

with friends is helpful; so is writing it down and showing it to someone.

• Set up a System of Support

Chapter 8 Lecture Managing Your Weight. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Learning Outcomes Explain...

Documents

Transcript of Chapter 8 Lecture Managing Your Weight. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Learning Outcomes Explain...