Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.
-
Upload
lenard-parsons -
Category
Documents
-
view
233 -
download
0
Transcript of Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.
![Page 1: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 7
TransmissionMedia
![Page 2: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer
![Page 3: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Figure 7.2 Classes of transmission media
![Page 4: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
7.1 Guided Media7.1 Guided Media
Twisted-Pair Cable
Coaxial Cable
Fiber-Optic Cable
![Page 5: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Figure 7.3 Twisted-pair cable
![Page 6: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Figure 7.4 UTP and STP
![Page 7: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Table 7.1 Categories of unshielded twisted-pair cablesTable 7.1 Categories of unshielded twisted-pair cables
Category Bandwidth Data Rate Digital/Analog Use
1 very low < 100 kbps Analog Telephone
2 < 2 MHz 2 Mbps Analog/digital T-1 lines
3 16 MHz 10 Mbps Digital LANs
4 20 MHz 20 Mbps Digital LANs
5 100 MHz 100 Mbps Digital LANs
6 (draft) 200 MHz 200 Mbps Digital LANs
7 (draft) 600 MHz 600 Mbps Digital LANs
![Page 8: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Figure 7.5 UTP connector
![Page 9: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Figure 7.6 UTP performance
![Page 10: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Figure 7.7 Coaxial cable
![Page 11: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Table 7.2 Categories of coaxial cablesTable 7.2 Categories of coaxial cables
Category Impedance Use
RG-59RG-59 75 Cable TV
RG-58RG-58 50 Thin Ethernet
RG-11RG-11 50 Thick Ethernet
![Page 12: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Figure 7.8 BNC connectors
![Page 13: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Figure 7.9 Coaxial cable performance
![Page 14: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Figure 7.10 Bending of light ray
![Page 15: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Figure 7.11 Optical fiber
![Page 16: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Figure 7.12 Propagation modes
![Page 17: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Figure 7.13 Modes
![Page 18: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Table 7.3 Fiber typesTable 7.3 Fiber types
Type Core Cladding Mode
50/12550/125 50 125 Multimode, graded-index
62.5/12562.5/125 62.5 125 Multimode, graded-index
100/125100/125 100 125 Multimode, graded-index
7/1257/125 7 125 Single-mode
![Page 19: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Figure 7.14 Fiber construction
![Page 20: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Figure 7.15 Fiber-optic cable connectors
![Page 21: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Figure 7.16 Optical fiber performance
![Page 22: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
7.2 Unguided Media: Wireless7.2 Unguided Media: Wireless
Radio Waves
Microwaves
Infrared
![Page 23: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Figure 7.17 Electromagnetic spectrum for wireless communication
![Page 24: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Figure 7.18 Propagation methods
![Page 25: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Table 7.4 BandsTable 7.4 Bands
BandBand RangeRange PropagationPropagation ApplicationApplication
VLFVLF 3–30 KHz Ground Long-range radio navigation
LFLF 30–300 KHz GroundRadio beacons and
navigational locators
MFMF 300 KHz–3 MHz Sky AM radio
HF HF 3–30 MHz SkyCitizens band (CB),
ship/aircraft communication
VHF VHF 30–300 MHzSky and
line-of-sightVHF TV, FM radio
UHF UHF 300 MHz–3 GHz Line-of-sightUHF TV, cellular phones,
paging, satellite
SHF SHF 3–30 GHz Line-of-sight Satellite communication
EHFEHF 30–300 GHz Line-of-sight Long-range radio navigation
![Page 26: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Figure 7.19 Wireless transmission waves
![Page 27: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Figure 7.20 Omnidirectional antennas
![Page 28: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Radio waves are used for multicast communications, such as radio and
television, and paging systems.
NoteNote::
![Page 29: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Figure 7.21 Unidirectional antennas
![Page 30: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Microwaves are used for unicast communication such as cellular
telephones, satellite networks, and wireless LANs.
NoteNote::
![Page 31: Chapter 7 Transmission Media. Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/5697bfbe1a28abf838ca2b4d/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Infrared signals can be used for short-range communication in a closed area
using line-of-sight propagation.
NoteNote::