Chapter 7

New Government

• Judiciary• Executive Branch• Legislative Branch: New Jersey

Plan vs. Virginia Plan• Connecticut Compromise is the

solution

Hamilton’s Plan for a National

Bank• Raise $10 million

through public stock offering

• private investors purchase shares through government bonds

• thus would have money for loans

• interest payments• cost taxpayers nothing

while ensuring interest in US

• paper notes could be issued

His critics…..

• Dangerous scheme that would give a small, elite group special power to influence government

• a “machine for the corruption of the legislature” said Jefferson

Party Politics

• Republicans: emphasis on liberty and equality

• tried to rouse citizens to be interested in civic affairs

• emotional appeals to average citizens

Federalists • George Washington and John Adams

• feared the passions of the general public

• didn’t want political parties: elected officals should rule in the people;s name but be independent of direct popular influence

Alien and Sedition Acts

• Federalist dominated Congress passed 4 acts:

• 1. Procedures to see if foreigner were a threat/national security

• 2. Alien Friends Act: allowed President to deport

• 3. Naturalization Act: 14 yrs for citizenship

• 4. Sedition Act: distinguished between free speech and plans to define criminal activity as negative political talk

Was Jefferson a true Anti-Federalist?

• Louisiana Purchase• Napoleon’s dream

of Caribbean empire crushed so he sells

• $15 million/Doubles size

• Was this strict Constructionism?

• What about Lewis and Clark?

Other issues for Jefferson

• Impressment• Embargo Act: US refusal to

buy or export goods abroad: disastrous to US economy

• Repealed by Congress• War Hawks want Canada and

Florida• Lewis and Clark

James Madison

• War of 1812• Causation:

Britain’s incitement of the Indians (Tecumseh)

• British restrictions on US shipping

• England intended to ruin America as a commercial rival

• 1814: British captured Washington, burnt

• Broke off campaign• Treaty of Ghent• Battle of New

Orleans

Era of Good Feelings

• Post war period: heightened nationalism

• Federalist party disappeared (Hartford Convention)

• Republicans make the nation economically self-sufficient by chartering new National bank, protective tariff

John Marshall

• Chief Justice• Marbury v.

Madison• Judiciary Act

1789

Missouri Compromise

Maine: free state LA territory no slavery north of 36 degrees, 30 latitude, Maine free

Monroe Doctrine1. America will not

interfere with European affairs

2. Europe will not interfere in our

hemisphere