Chapter 7 Cellular respiration .
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Transcript of Chapter 7 Cellular respiration .
Chapter 7
Cellular respiration
http://geneticssuite.net/node/11
“Stop and Think” pg. 340
1. What variable or variables affected the volume in your test tube? Provide evidence for your answer using that your team and other teams collected.
2. Yeast needs a source of food in the form of chemical energy for cellular respiration. What do you think was the source of chemical energy in the investigation?
3. Anacharis gave of the same gas in Part I Cellular Activities in Plant as the gas that was in the test tube. Where do you think the gas came from? Use what you know about the law of conservation of matter. Write your ideas down in your notebook.
“Stop and Think” pg. 340
1. Yeast was the variable that affected the volume of gas
2. Sugar was the source of chemical energy in the investigation
3. Gas did not come from the air, right? So where did it come from?
The gas came from the molecules that must have been in the yeast and Anacharis.
Quick Review
http://plantphys.info/plant_physiology/basiccytology1.shtml
Sound Familiar?
Photosynthesis
Cell Analogy Project
Cellular Respiration Occurs in the cytosol and the mitochondria
http://lifeofplant.blogspot.com/2011/05/cytosol.html
MitochondriaCytosol: jelly like substance in the cytoplasm
Mitochondria: ?
"cellular power house“, they generate most of the cell's supply of (ATP), used as a source of chemical energy
We have the where but what is cellular respiration?• Occurs within all living things plants and animals• Is essential for survival • Is the process of breaking down glucose for energy• Wait didn’t we just make glucose in photosynthesis? All that work we did and now we are going to break it down?• Yup!
6 CO2 + 6 H2O C6H12O6 + 6 O2
• Look Familiar?
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP
Photosynthesis equation.
• WHOA! Mind blown?
Cellular Respiration Equation
Can occur with or without oxygenAerobic Respiration: Cellular respiration with oxygen
Three Stages:• Each stage involves a series of chemical reactions to
produce ATP for energy
Stages include:Glycolysis
Krebs CycleElectron Transport Chain
http://biocom.wikispaces.com/Photosynthesis+%26+Cell+Respiration
Glycolysis
http://jasowers13.edublogs.org/2011/06/08/8-1-2-outline-the-process-of-glycolysis-including-phosphorylation-lysis-oxidation-and-atp-formation/
• First stage aerobic respiration• Occurs Cytosol• Glucose: two molecules of pyruvate
• Rearrangement of Carbon atoms: pyruvate. ATP and NADH are produced
• Begin 6-Carbon Sugar
• Two ATP molecules transfer a phosphate to glucose
• Glucose: two molecules containing 3 carbons
Pyruvate
Glucose
• Two molecules of pyruvate formed
• Pyruvate: carbon molecule found at the end product of glycolysis
Diagram modified by: Tiffany Adams
INPUT
OUTPUT
Krebs Cycle In Mitochondria• 2 molecules of
pyruvate enter the mitochondria
• Each pyruvate is converted to a two-carbon molecule
• Enzymes release CO2 from pyruvate
• NADH & ATP produced
• Two more ATP molecules
CO2
NAD+
NADH
C C C PyruvateNAD+
NADH CO2
CO2
ADP
2ATP
NAD+
NADH
C C
Krebs Cycle
INPUT
OUTPUT
Created by Tiffany Adams based on textbook Figure 7.11 page 324. BSCS Science: An Inquiry Approach. Colorado: Kendall Hunt, 2006
Electron Transport Chain
http://biochemistryforlife.wikispaces.com/Respiration
• Uses the NADH from previous stages (INPUT)
• NADH molecules carry the H atoms
• H separated: electrons & protons
• Electrons move from carrier to the next they release Energy
• Protons are pumped across the membrane (concentration gradient) • this drives ATP production
as protons DIFFUSE back to the mitochondria
• Protons diffuse are pumped thru ATP synthase (creating the most ATP) (OUTPUT)
• End: electrons and protons join with O2 to form H2O (OUTPUT)
http://icanhasscience.com/fun-stuff/sour-patch-kids-are-full-of-protons/
Anaerobic Respiration• Anaerobic respiration: oxygen NOT required• Glucose: pyruvate and small amount of ATP• ATP production ends glycolysis • Pyruvate is converted into other molecules
(fermentation)
http://bio1151.nicerweb.com/Locked/media/ch09/anaerobic.html
Fermentation/Lactate Net ATP =2
Anaerobic Respiration
Aerobic Respiration
Citric acid cycle= Krebs cycle
Net ATP=36
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X-ZZETT6F-s
Biosynthesis• ATP provides energy for biosynthesis
reactions in cells• Biosynthesis reactions form larger, more
complex molecules from less-complex molecules• Such as the formation of starch from
glucose • Biosynthesis helps organisms to grow and
maintain their structure• Definition provided by definition bing.com• biological production of chemical
substances: the synthesis of chemical substances as the result of biological activity
“Stop and Think” pg. 3441. Where does cellular respiration take place?2. Why do you think it is important that plants contain
mitochondria?3. What evidence do you have that cellular respiration occurs in
plant cells? Think back to your investigation of Anacharis. What gases did the plant exchange?
4. How is combustion similar to respiration? Recall that you learned about combustion of methane in the Matter Is Marvelous Unit. The reactions are shown here.
5. Compare aerobic and anaerobic respiration use a T-table or Venn diagram to list any similarities and differences between them.
Combustion CH4 + 2 O2 CO2 + H2O + heat
Cellular Respiration C6H12 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
“Stop and Think” pg. 3441. Inside the cells2. Because it is where the cellular respiration takes
place in plant cells as well as yeast and animal cells
3. When we saw a decrease in pH with the Anacharis. This indicates that the Anacharis can five off carbon dioxide, which is a product of cellular respiration
4. Combustion and cellular respiration both give off carbon dioxide, water, and energy. Combustion the energy is heat and in Cellular respiration the energy is ATP
5. Compare aerobic and anaerobic respiration use a T-table or Venn diagram to list any similarities and differences between them.
http://gottalovebio.wikispaces.com/H+Giavedoni
“Reflect and Connect” pg. 3451. What functions are ATP molecules used for?2. What role does glucose play in cellular respiration?3. Create a concept map of the process of cellular respiration using
the following words and any other words you would like to add. Remember to use verbs to connect the concepts to show relationships. Arrange the concept map so that the most universal concept is at the top.• Cellular Respiration• Water• Carbon Dioxide• ATP
4. Why is cellular respiration important to all living things, including plants?
5. What do you think the relationship is between photosynthesis and cellular respiration? Keep in mind how the reactants, products, and energy in these processes might be related the generalized equations are shown here
Photosynthesis: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O C6H12O6 + 6 O2
Cellular Respiration: C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP
• Oxygen• Biosynthesis
reactions• Glucose
“Reflect and Connect” pg. 345
1. ATP molecules are needed for basic cell functions such as active transport across membranes and biosynthesis molecules.
2. Glucose provides the energy that is converted to ATP during cellular respiration
3.Concept map on next slide4. Cellular respiration is important for all living
things because it provides energy in the form of ATP that is necessary to carry out basic cellular processes.
5. You provide me the answers.
3. Concept Map
Cellular Respiration
Is used in
Glucose
O2
Glycolysis
CO2
H2O
ATP
Is use
d in
Biosynthesis reactions
Gives off
Is used in
Gives off
Gives off
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport
incl
udes
incl
udes
inclu
des
Anaerobic respiration
With
out O
2
With O
2
INPUTS OUTPUTS
Glycolysis Eastern Colorado Style
Bennett/ Strasburg, Colorado
http://teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=60722&title=claymation_glycolysis