Chapter 7 Becoming a World Power 1872-1917
description
Transcript of Chapter 7 Becoming a World Power 1872-1917
![Page 1: Chapter 7 Becoming a World Power 1872-1917](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081421/568166be550346895ddac536/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 7 Becoming a World Power
1872-1917
What role should the United States have in world affairs?
![Page 2: Chapter 7 Becoming a World Power 1872-1917](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081421/568166be550346895ddac536/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The Imperialists Vision
• Imperialism – the economic and political domination of a strong nation over weaker ones.
• Why was the U.S. interested in becoming an imperial power?– Tariffs and trade–Raw materials–New markets –Colonies and protectorates– European expansion
![Page 3: Chapter 7 Becoming a World Power 1872-1917](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081421/568166be550346895ddac536/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The Imperialists Vision, cont…
• Social Darwinism – only strong nations will survive.
• Anglo-Saxonism – English speaking nations had superior character, ideas, and systems of government.
• Manifest Destiny – God given destiny to expand overseas and spread its civilization to other people.– Missionary work
![Page 4: Chapter 7 Becoming a World Power 1872-1917](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081421/568166be550346895ddac536/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Imperialism Assignment• Read the Primary Source Documents (2
documents) and answer the questions at the end of each document.
Imperialism Review* Working alone or in groups of 2 or 3, write a
paragraph either defending American Imperialism at the turn of the century or arguing against American Imperialism. Refer to one or both of the documents, or to Section 1 of Chapter 7, to explain your opinion.
![Page 5: Chapter 7 Becoming a World Power 1872-1917](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081421/568166be550346895ddac536/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Section 1 The Imperialists Vision, cont…
• Powerful navy needed to protect merchant ships, trade routes, economic interests.• 1853 – America develops trade
relationship with Japan. By 1890 Japan has developed its own powerful navy and is creating its empire in Asia
![Page 6: Chapter 7 Becoming a World Power 1872-1917](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081421/568166be550346895ddac536/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Section 1 The Imperialists Vision, cont…
• Hawaii – Sugar – and the Marines– 1819 - Christian missionaries arrive from New England.– 1850’s - American settlers discover sugarcane grows well.– 1887 – Wealth planters pressure King to accept
constitution which limits his power.– 1890 – Congress passes tariff making Hawaiian sugar
expensive.– 1891 – Queen Liliuokalani takes throne, tries to reassert
power of monarchy.– 1893 – Wealthy planters and U.S. marines force her out.– 1898 – U.S. annexes Hawaii
![Page 7: Chapter 7 Becoming a World Power 1872-1917](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081421/568166be550346895ddac536/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Section 2 The Spanish – American War
• Cuba was a valuable colony for Spain and produced 1/3 of the worlds sugar. Until 1886, Spain enslaved nearly 1/3 of all Cubans and forced them to work on plantations.
• 1868 – Cuban rebels declare independence from Spain but revolution fails.
• U.S. develops strong economic ties with Cuba • 1895 - Cuba declares its independence from Spain
again.• U.S. remains neutral.
![Page 8: Chapter 7 Becoming a World Power 1872-1917](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081421/568166be550346895ddac536/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Section 2 The Spanish – American War, cont…
• America Supports Cuba– American Revolution– Yellow Journalism – Newspaper owners William
Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer – 200,000 Spanish troops arrive– General Weyler (the butcher)appointed governor – Rebels destroy American property in Cuba– Tens of thousands of Cubans die of starvation and
disease while held captive in “reconcentration camps”.
![Page 9: Chapter 7 Becoming a World Power 1872-1917](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081421/568166be550346895ddac536/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Section 2 The Spanish – American War, cont…
Calls for War• U.S. tries to remain neutral• Spanish Ambassador calls President
McKinley weak.• USS Maine sent to Havana Harbor
to evacuate American citizens• 2/15/1898 – Maine explodes and is
sunk. Cause unknown. • Congress authorizes money for war.• jingoism – extreme nationalism
very high• Political pressure moves McKinley
to ask Congress to declare war.
The War Begins and Ends• May 1, 1898 - Commodore
George Dewey destroys Spanish fleet in Philippines.
• June 14, 1898 – American troops land near Santiago.
• Teddy Roosevelt and the “Rough Riders” attack Kettle Hill and San Juan Hill
• July 3, 1898 – Spanish fleet is destroyed in Cuba.
• Late July, 1898 – Spanish troops in Cuba surrender.
![Page 10: Chapter 7 Becoming a World Power 1872-1917](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081421/568166be550346895ddac536/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Section 2 The Spanish – American War, cont…
• An American Empire– Cuba gained its independence (limited)– Guam and Puerto Rico annexed by the U.S.• Inhabitants eventually gain U.S. citizenship
– After much debate, the Philippines are annexed. • Philippine rebels who fought against Spain now fought
against U.S.• U.S. used “reconcentration camps” like Spanish in Cuba.• Tens of thousands of Filipinos died from combat, disease, or
starvation.• 1946 – U.S. finally grants independence to Philippines.
![Page 11: Chapter 7 Becoming a World Power 1872-1917](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081421/568166be550346895ddac536/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Section 2 Assignment
• Using information from Section 2, write a paragraph arguing in favor of or against American intervention in Cuba in 1897. • Read the arguments on page 273, for and
against the annexation of the Philippines, and read The Debate Over Annexation on 273 and 274. Use this information to write a paragraph in favor of or against annexation of the Philippines.
![Page 12: Chapter 7 Becoming a World Power 1872-1917](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081421/568166be550346895ddac536/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Section 3New American Diplomacy
• Asia – The U.S. was a major power with many naval bases across the Pacific.
• Many European countries were exerting control over trade with China.
• President McKinley and Secretary of State John Hay created the Open Door policy, whereby all countries would be allowed to trade with China.
• Some secret Chinese organizations rebelled against the foreign control and started the Boxer Rebellion.
• After 200 foreigners were killed, 8 countries including the U.S. sent troops to China and put down the rebellion.
![Page 13: Chapter 7 Becoming a World Power 1872-1917](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081421/568166be550346895ddac536/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Section 3New American Diplomacy, cont…
• President McKinley is assassinated in Buffalo, New York by an anarchist. Teddy Roosevelt takes over.
• Roosevelt believed in American power and Anglo-Saxonism.
• Roosevelt was instrumental in ending a war between Japan and Russia.
• Roosevelt was famous for his saying of “Speak softly and carry a big stick.”
![Page 14: Chapter 7 Becoming a World Power 1872-1917](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081421/568166be550346895ddac536/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
The Panama Canal
![Page 15: Chapter 7 Becoming a World Power 1872-1917](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081421/568166be550346895ddac536/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Section 3New American Diplomacy, cont…
• The Panama Canal– Roosevelt believed it was vital to American power.– A canal would save time and money.– Nicaragua and Panama were considered good options.– Panama became best option.– U.S. offered Columbia $10 million and $250,000 a year to build
through Panama. Columbia refused.– Some Panamanians used this as an opportunity to get their
independence from Columbia.– Roosevelt sent 10 warships to the area. – The U.S. recognized Panama’s independence and a treaty to
build a canal was signed.
![Page 16: Chapter 7 Becoming a World Power 1872-1917](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081421/568166be550346895ddac536/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
The Panama Canal
![Page 17: Chapter 7 Becoming a World Power 1872-1917](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081421/568166be550346895ddac536/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Section 3New American Diplomacy, cont…
• The Roosevelt Corollary – The U.S. would intervene in Latin American affairs when necessary to maintain economic and political stability in the Western Hemisphere.
• Dollar Diplomacy – Roosevelt’s successor, William Howard Taft’s policy of using American economic power to help Latin American development.
![Page 18: Chapter 7 Becoming a World Power 1872-1917](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081421/568166be550346895ddac536/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)