Chapter 6: The Periodic Table

Section 2:Classifying the Elements

Relate families of elements to groups on the periodic table;

Explain how common electron configurations relate to properties of element families; and

Identify properties that can be shared by groups of elements.

Students will be able to…

J.W. Dobereiner...◦ Triads

Dimitri Mendeleev...◦ Increasing atomic mass

Modern periodic table...◦ Increasing atomic number

Elemental Organizers

Periods: Rows in the table Groups: Vertical columns

◦ Groups are numbered 1-18◦ Some groups have special names...

Features of the Table

One electron in highest occupied energy level

Alkali Metals (Group 1)

Alkaline Earth Metals (Group 2)◦ Two electrons in highest occupied energy level◦ ns2

Chalcogens (Group 16)◦ Six electrons in highest occupied energy level◦ ns2np4

Halogens (Group 17)◦ Seven electrons in highest occupied energy level◦ ns2np5

Other named groups...

Noble gases (Group 18)◦ Eight electrons in highest occupied energy level◦ Full s and p sublevels

The “cool” family that lives at the end of the street...

Transition metals◦ Highest occupied s sublevel and a nearby d

sublevel contain electrons◦ In d-block of table

Inner transition metals◦ Highest occupied s sublevel and a nearby f

sublevel generally contain electrons◦ In f-block of table

Transition elements: the middle children...

Blocks of Elements

Not undiscovered elements Each period represents an energy level Each energy level adds a new sublevel Properties repeat based on electron

configurations Gaps allow for groups with common

configurations to be in same columns

Why the big gaps?

Relate families of elements to groups on the periodic table?

Explain how common electron configurations relate to properties of element families?

Distinguish representative elements and transition metals?

Objectives: Can you…

Page 167, # 8-15

Homework