Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at...
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Transcript of Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at...
![Page 1: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation
![Page 2: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The breaking down of rock and other
substances at Earth’s surface is ___.
![Page 3: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
weathering
![Page 4: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The principle stating that the same processes that operate
today also operated in the past is ____.
![Page 5: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Uniformitarianism
![Page 6: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Which type of weathering causes the mineral
composition of rocks to change?
![Page 7: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Chemical Weathering
![Page 8: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
What are the most important factors in
determining the rate of weathering?
![Page 9: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Type of rock & Climate
![Page 10: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
What can geologists infer from the rounded,
eroded shapes of the Appalachian Mountains?
![Page 11: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The mountains have been eroding for millions of
years.
![Page 12: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
How does ice wedging cause mechanical weathering of
rock?
![Page 13: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Freezing & thawing of water
![Page 14: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Does weathering occur rapidly or slowly in a hot
and wet climate?
![Page 15: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Rapidly
![Page 16: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Which agent of mechanical weathering occurs when rock is worn away by the grinding
action of other rock particles?
![Page 17: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Abrasion
![Page 18: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
A rock containing iron becomes soft and crumbly and reddish-
brown in color. Which cause of chemical weathering has taken
place?
![Page 19: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Oxygen
![Page 20: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Why does permeable rock weather easily?
![Page 21: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Permeable rock contains many small, connected airspaces which allows water to pass
through easily.
![Page 22: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Why are areas of limestone easily eroded by groundwater?
![Page 23: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Water combines with carbon dioxide as it sinks into the
ground, creating carbonic acid, which slowly dissolves the
limestone.
![Page 24: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
What begins the process of soil formation?
![Page 25: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Weathering of bedrock
![Page 26: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Soil that is rich in humus has high___________.
![Page 27: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Fertility
![Page 28: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Soil formation would take place most rapidly with the weathering of ______.
A. granite on a mountain top.B. limestone in a desert.C. granite in a cold, dry climate.D. limestone in a warm, wet climate.
![Page 29: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
D. limestone in a warm, wet climate.
![Page 30: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Why is soil a valuable natural resource?
![Page 31: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Soil is important to all living things on land.
![Page 32: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
What are the two “jobs” of living organisms in soil?
![Page 33: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
mix the soil & make humus
![Page 34: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Earthworms add their wastes to the soil, then they die and decay in the soil. They are contributing to the formation of __________.
![Page 35: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Humus
![Page 36: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Which of the following would be found in the “B” horizon?
A.clay, minerals, and little humus.B.humus only.C.partly weathered rock.D.topsoil.
![Page 37: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
A. clay, minerals, and little humus.
![Page 38: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Plant growth and animal activity result in which type of weathering?
![Page 39: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Mechanical weathering
![Page 40: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Define contour plowing.
![Page 41: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
The practice of plowing fields along curves of a
slope.
![Page 42: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
A marble statue is left exposed to the weather. Within a few
years, the details on the statue have begun to weather away.
What is the cause?
![Page 43: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Carbonic acid in rainwater
![Page 44: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
In conservation plowing, why do farmers leave dead weeds and
stalks of the previous year’s crop in the ground?
![Page 45: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation. The breaking down of rock and other substances at Earth’s surface is ___.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc61a28abf838ca71bc/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
To retain moisture and hold soil in place