Chapter 6States of Matter

Section 1

Solids, liquids and gases

Matter Anything that takes up space and has mass Common States of Matter

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma- extremely hot, very active charged

particles Most common found in the universe Stars, lightning, flourescent lights

Bose- Einstein Condesates- super cold and not active

Describing a state of matter Mass- the amount of matter in an object

Kg, g Volume- how much space that a sample of

matter takes up L, ml, cc

Density= Mass/Volume

Solids Definite shape and definite volume Particles in a solid- vibrate around each other They are very tightly packed together and

held together by strong forceshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZARiF4-tM9I

Types of Solids Crystalline

Regular repeating pattern Example Diamond

Amorphous Particles arranged randomly Ex- charcoal Charcoal

Diamond

Liquids Has a definite volume but no definite shape Particles move faster so move more freely in

the substance Particles tend to be further apart so the

attractive forces decrease

Liquids vocabulary Viscosity- the measurement of a liquids

resistance to flow Honey has high viscosity while water has low

viscosity

Viscosity due to particle mass, particle shape, and the strength of the attraction between molecules

Viscosity may change with increases in temperature

Liquid vocabulary cont. Surface tension Attraction of similar molecules is cohesion Water molecules at the surface do not have

water molecules above them They experience a greater downward pull So they become stretched like the head of a

drum

The uneven forces acting on the particles on the surface of a liquid

Gases No definite volume and no definite shape The molecules in a gas are rapidly moving and

are extremely far apart Attractive forces are weak to non existent Vapor- term used for the gas state of

something that is a solid or liquid at room temperature

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PhMluFYe_vQ