Chapter 6 - Movies

7/30/2019 Chapter 6 - Movies

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Movies

Chapter 6


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Early Developments

Grew up from photography & stroboscopic toys

1825 Thaumatrope - parrot & cage

Persistence of vision human eyes retain images for a short periods Film a series of projected still images. moving pictures

Stanford bet

1877 Leland Stanford governor of California

25,000 bet horse gallops 4 legs on air

Hired Eadward Muybridge rigged 24 cameras triggered in synchronized fashion

using string

cost 40,000

Edison, Dickson & Eastman

1880s Thomas Edison , assistant W.K.L Dickson & George Eastman

Eastman experiments using rolls of celluloid film Edison phonograph persuaded by Dickson used celluloid film from Eastman

Dickson invent electric powered camera and battery powered viewerKinetscope

one person at a time. No sound

Built small studio Black Maria

Projection and portability Lumiere brothers ( Auguste & Louis ) first functional

projectors.


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The First Movies

Edison-DicksonFredOtts Sneeze (1894) short sceneEdisons mechanic sneezing

Most of it was shot in the Black Maria

Lumiere movies factory workers leaving work, baby eating, train pulling1895 Edison-Dickson movie The Kiss quite a stir

Early movies no camera movements and no editing

Then came Frenchman George Mlis magician experimented with special effects

A Trip to the Moon

Edwin S. Porter director for Edison extended the art in film- allowing break in time,

cutting back and forth , panning camera.

Studio Beginnings

2 other companies joined the movie making rank.

Biograph W.K.L Dickson

Vitagraph

Biograph, Vitagraph , Edison compete fiercely

1909 Edison form Motion Picture Patent Company ( ref. to as the Trust for the MPPC)

9 companies of MPPC share patent rights , keep all companies from entering the

business. Kodak- only to them.


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Griffith & His Contemporaries

David Wark (D.W.) Griffith work briefly for Edison, then switched to Biograph

Experimented many aspect of filmmaking

Parallel editing technique Left Biograph movies made too long

Then went to Mutual, an independent company

Made The Birth of a Nation ( 1915) - historical film about Civil War heroes were the Ku

Klux Klan members. Racist subject matter. Banned in few cities.

Mark Sennett and Charlie Chaplin experimented with comedy

Mard Sennett sight gagsChaplin character-driven comedy

Sound

Warner Bros The Jazz Singer 1927 the first full-length movie to use sound

Part silent , part sound static visually

By 1929 most movies were sound.

Conversion to sound movies was not easy.

Most actors were silent stars.


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Hitchcock & Welles

2 of the most influential directors of the Golden Years Alfred Hitchcock and Orson

Welles

Hitchcock alarming crimes that occur in public places, humor, tiny details reveal clues.master using editing to increase the sense of horror without actually showing gory

events.

Psycho (1960)

Spellbound (1945)

Strangers on a Train (1951)

Rear Window (1954) Vertigo (1957)

Orson WellesCitizen Kane (1941) based on the life of William Randolph Hearst.

no Hollywood happily-ever-after ending

didnt do box office

extend the art of filmmaking

using deep focus and low angle shots

used advance sound with echoes, well place sound effects , spatial cues

was name the greatest film in movie history.


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AFIS List of the Greatest Movies of All Time

Citizen Kane 1941

Casablanca 1942

The Godfather1972 Gone with the Wind1939

Lawrence of Arabia 1962

The Wizard of Oz 1939

The Graduate 1967

On the Waterfront1954

Schindlers List 1993 Singin in the Rain - 1952


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Color

1917 Technicolor was founded

1920s develop a two-color process

blue-green & red-orange ok for clothing and sets

made people look strange in orange color

1933 introduced a three-color process

used 3 lenses & 3 separate rolls of film cyan, magenta , yellow

joined when the film was processed

reserved only for very special filmsThe Wizard of Oz & Gone with the Wind

later three rolls for film were joined during shooting color faded quickly

Hard Times

Vertical Integration OutlawedUnites States vs ParamountBlacklisting leftist leaning

Television free entertainment

Technological attempts 3D, Cinerama, CinemaScope


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The Road Back

Independent Production

no talent under contract

pulled all together to make a movielittle overhead more flexibility

need to raise money to make movie

banks were more leery

give artist more power encourage to use their artistic style

Young

movies now geared towards the youngsex and violence

not protected anymore by the code

changes on the code rating system

G general audience

PG parental guidance

R restricted under 17 to attend with an adultX no one under 17

PG-13

NC-17 no one under 17


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The Road Back

Changing Content

musicalThe Sound of Music (1965)

rebel of youth filmRebel Without a Cause (1955)social commentary & psychologyGuest Whos Coming to Dinner (1967)

Other Positive Factor

television playing old movies

theater moved closer drive-ins , movie complexes

price of movie ticket - rose and rose


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The Mythmakers Lucas & Spielberg

Special effects became popular

George Lucas 1977 Star Wars spaceship and Dolby noise reduction new experience

Lucas & Spielberg embrace elements of myth strong heroes, questlike jouneys, happy

endings movies with entertainment value

Spielberg- Indiana Jones

Lucas stop directing after 1983 Return of the Jedi1999 first prequels to Star Wars

During hiatus focus on Industrial Light + Magic company

Spielberg prolific directing several films a year.

Made some of the highest grossing film Jaws (1975), E.T (1982), Jurassic Park (1993)Also social messagesSchindlers List (1993) , Munich (2005)

1994 along with Jeffrey Katzenberg & David GeffenDreamWorks SKG


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Moviemaking Today

Studio structure

independent producers

no stars under contract

freelancing act as distributors

Aftermarket

make more money from DVD sales and rentals , international distribution, airplane

showing, television rights, video game rights, pay-per-view, internet

Independent Films

direct-to-DVD distribution low budget or films aimed at adults go straight to video stores

using internet

International

much more international than the past

adopting techniques from each other

co-produced by various countries

Content

continue to evolve

special-effects-laden movies story now is given little attention

animation films

sequels

documentaries also became popularFahrenheit 9/11 by Michael Moore


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The All-Time Top Grossing Films as of 2008

Titanic (1997) 600.8 m

The Dark Knight (2008) 522.1m

Star Wars : Episode IV A New Hope (1997) 461.0m Shrek 2 (2004) 437.2m

E.T the Extra-Terrestrial (1982) 435.0m

Star Wars : Episode I-The Phantom Menace (1999) 431.1m

Pirates of the Caribbean : Dean Mans Chest (2006) 423.4m

Spider-Man (2002) 407.7m

Star Wars : Episode III Revenge of the Sith (2005) 380.3m The Lord of the Rings : The Return of the King (2003) 377.0m


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Issues and The Future

Production

movies going digital films will slowly fade

digital media

mobile editing , nonlinear

CGI , Motion-capture technology

Distribution

edging toward digital

removing film copies

replace by digital medium hard drive

converting theatre into digital movie projection

Exhibition

movie exhibition currently not a profitable business

selling pop corn is much better than ticket sales

Processes projection and servers

theatre conversion

film conversion

upgrade of system 3D environment

delivery from transport delivery to satellite

technology = investment profit?


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Issues and The Future

Piracy

may increase

digital copy illegal distribution

piracy in the past of low quality analog form VHS tape

digital material lossless quality

even by the members of the film industry

trace markings , watermark


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Things you would never know if werent for the movies :

once applied , lipstick will never come off, even when swimming under water

all grocery bags contain at least one stick of French bread

when staying in a haunted house, women should investigate any strange noises in their

most revealing underwear

it is always possible to park directly outside the building you are visiting

a man will show no pain while taking the most ferocious beating but will wince when a

woman tries to clean his wounds.

when a car is being driven down a dark road at night, the light under the dashboard will

always be lit.


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sites.google.com/site/mrfaizullecture

Im Done !

Chapter 6 - Movies

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