THEME: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

LANGUAGE FOCUS: ADVERB CLAUSE CONNECTORS

Adverb Clause ConnectorsA sentence with ADVERB CLAUSE

Example :He is tired because he has been working

hard. CON ADV CLS

Because he has been working hard, he is tired . CON ADV CLS

Connector + subject + verb = adverb clause

ADVERB CONNECTORS

TIME CAUSE CONDITION CONTRAST MANNER PLACEAfter

AsAs long asAs soon as

BeforeBy the Time

OnceSinceUntil

WhenWhenever

While

AsBecauseNow that

Since

IfIn case

ProvidedProviding

UnlessWhether

AlthoughEven though

ThoughWhile

Whereas

AsIn that

WhereWherever

Adverb clause dihubungkan dengan main clauseExample :

He drank water because he was thirsty.He drank water, for he was thirstyHe drank water, since he was thirstyHe drank water, as he was thirsty

main clause + no comma + adverb clauseExample :

Because he was thirsty, he drank waterAs he was thirsty, he drank water

adverb clause + comma + main clause

Connecting Ideas With BEFOREBefore mengekspresikan waktu.

Example :

I will sign the check before you leave.

Before you leave, I will sign the check.

Connecting Ideas With BECAUSEBecause mengekspresikan penyebab. Memberikan sebuah alasan.Example :

Why did he drink water ?Reason : He was thirsty.Because he was thirsty.Main clause - He drank water

(kalimat lengkap)Adverb clause - because he was thirsty

(bukan kalimat lengkap)

He drank water because he was thirsty

Connecting Ideas With IFIf mengekspresikan sebuah keadaan.Example :

I will leave at 7:00 if I am ready

If I am ready, I will leave.

Connecting Ideas With EVEN THOUGH / ALTHOUGHEven though dan Although mengekspresikan sesuatu yang berbanding

terbalik. Example :

Even though I was hungry, I did not eat.

I did not eat even though I was hungry.Example :

Although I was hungry, I did not eat.

I did not eat although I was hungry.

Artinya sama – I was hungry, but I did not eat.

Adverb Clause Connectors

Combine each sentence with because, for, since, as

1.We didn't have class. The teacher was absent2.The children were hungry. There was no food in the

house.3.The bridge is closed. We can't drive to the other

side of the river. 4.My car didn't start. The battery was dead.5.Debbie woke up in morning with a sore throat. She

had cheered loudly at the basketball game.

Complete the sentence with even though or because

1._____ the weather is cold, Ria isn’t wearing a sweater.2._____ the weather is cold, Ben is wearing a coat.3._____ Tim is tall, he can’t reach the ceiling.4._____ Mat is very tall, he can reach the ceiling.5._____ Dan isn’t as tall as Mat, he cant reach the ceiling.6._____ Nick isn’t tall, he can reach the ceiling by standing

on a chair.7._____ Jane was sad, she smiled. _____ Jane was sad,

she cried.