Chapter 6

MOTIMAHAL COLLEGE OF HOTEL MANAGEMENTFIRST SEMESTER BHM ACCOMMODATION OPERATION

CHAPTER VI PEST CONTROL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS

A wide range of pests find their way into hotel buildings some are carried by people or their pets others fly in through open windows and doors, some get through the smallest hole or crack-none is welcome. The sight of a pest will give most people a bad impression, suggesting poor standards of cleaning and maintenance and many pests are harmful.

Different types of pests found in hotels Cockroaches Rats and mice Files Ants Bed bugs Carpet beetles Wood worm Silver fish

Cockroaches, flies, rats and mice act as carriers for harmful bacteria.Wood worm, carpet beetles, mice and rats can damage furniture, fittings and the building fabric.

Bed bugs, ants attack human beings.

Silver fish are offensive to many people but generally harmless.

Areas of infectionRats, mice, cockroaches, ants and flies:The common areas where you find these pests are:Kitchens, boiler houses, store room and other public areas.

Bed bugs usually found in mattress and corner edges of the beds.Carpet beetles usually found in the carpetWood worm these are the common furniture beetles and usually found in the wooden furniture, doors, cupboards etc.

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Prevention and control of pests1. Furniture and small articles can usually be treated by fumigation or insecticides.2. Do not leave food uncovered and take particular care with remains of food that

is likely to attract pests such as spilt sugar and jam, biscuits. Remove or arrange for prompt removal of early morning and meal trays from guest rooms.

3. Keep waste bins tightly covered and rubbish bags closed. Clean waste bins after use.

4. Use insecticide powder or spray near the kitchen or bath room to control the pests.

5. Regularly cleaning should be done specially to the infected areas.

Responsibilities of housekeeping in pest control1. Regular inspection and cleaning of all guest rooms, toilets and public areas.2. Report any signs of infection like

Droppings, marks, foot prints, shredded paper: a sign of rats. Smell, golden brown grubs with hairy tufts on edges of carpets or in linen

room where blankets are stored: the larvae of carpet beetles. Small holes in furniture: a sign of wood worm. Hotels in blanket which have been stored: a sign of moths.

3. Reports any defects in the building which might encourage infestation, such as cracks and crevices.

4. Assist the pest control people during fumigation of rooms.

Environmental services- nature of the professionSome of the hospitality association has recognized the similarity in responsibilities of persons performing housekeeping functions in hotels and hospitals. These associations draw its membership not only from hotels but also from hospitals and other cleaning establishment. In most of the cases hospitals and hotels require similar housekeeping skills. The actions required of persons working in hospital environmental service departments is very much same as the required of persons working in hotel housekeeping the uniqueness of hospitals and health care institutions becomes evident however when one investigates the special care and consideration that must be taken when dealing with the following.

The daily and terminal disinfection of patient rooms The terminal cleaning of hospital surgical suits. The disposition of used needles syringes and sharps. The disposal of infectious waste.




Cleaning and washing of beds and linens.Blood borne pathogensIn the year 1991 the (USHA) occupational safety and health act published a new standard relating to Occupational Exposure to Blood borne pathogens.The blood refers to human blood and blood components such as plasma and transfusional blood and products made from human blood. The blood borne pathogens are microorganisms present inblood that can cause disease such as HIV, HBV etc.

The department of heart and human service has written guidelines for prevent of transmission of HIV (HUMAN IMMUNO DEFICIENCY VIRUS) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) that called affect health care and staff works. The HIV is the newest blood borne disease which spreads rapidly and has no known case. Generally leads to the development of AIDS and may not symptoms in initial stage.

The HBV is the most prevalent form of liver disease which results in information of the liver and liver cancer and is curable disease because there is a vaccine which prevents infection. So all hospitality facilities that have departments with a propensity for exposure (housekeeping department through soiled linen) engineering departments, and security departments are required by law to have an exposure control program. This program must address eliminating exposure through universal precautions, personal work practices and good housekeeping practices.

Elements of the environment, ecology and pollutionThe earth crust is composed of oxides of the following elements:Silicon –SiO₂ – 64.4%Aluminium – AIO₂- 15.5%Calcium – CaO- 3.5%POTASSIUM- K₂O- 3.3%Iron- FeO- 2.8%Magnesium- MgO-2.0%Iron- Fe₂O₃- 1.8%Manganese- MnO- 0.1%PHOSPHORUS-P₂ O₃ – 0.3%All other elements- 0.5%The water which is composed of hydrogen and oxygen that is H2O some common table salts and other numerous trace minerals.




EcologyThe earth’s atmosphere is commonly called air and consists of layers and mixtures of gases, water vapor and soiled and liquid particles.

Troposphere: Is the air near the earth’s surface and this is an area of well defined gases of different groups as follows.

1. Major Nitrogen- N₂-78%Oxygen- O₂- 21%Argon- Ar – 1%

2. Minor Carbon dioxide- CO₂Carbon monoxide- CONitrous oxide- NOOzone- O₃

Stratosphere: All the middle layers of earth surface and here mixing of atomic gases is takes place.

Ionosphere: Is a past of the atmosphere where free atoms of oxygen, helium and hydrogen exist in a free state.Ozone: Ozone is the layer which act as a barrier that restrict the amount of ultraviolet radiation reaching the earth’s land, animals, plants and human beings from the ultraviolet destruction.

Ecology: Ecology is a branch of biology and is a study that concerned with the relationship of plants and animals to their environment and to each other.

The ecology is hopefully will bring about a major concern for what we are doing ourselves by abusing our environment or nature.

The pollution what we are generating today must be recognized and aborted.There are two types of pollution:

1) Air pollution2) Water pollution




Air pollutionIt may occur both naturally and unnaturally.The natural air pollution includes, dust, volcanic ash and smoke from the fire. So these forms of air pollution have existed for millions of years and they destroy the whole earth.Unnatural air pollution includes toxic gases from the industries , vehicles, smokes etc. these gases release carbon monoxide hydrocarbons containing sulfurs, nitrous oxide to the air and causing smog and components which are picked up in water vapor and return to the land in the form of acid rain.As these gases drift up into the ionosphere and they react with the ozone in such a way that the ozone is destroyed, unexplained holes in the layer. An excessive release of carbon dioxide to the air causes an undue blanketing of heat that cannot radiate from the earth’s surface and this is known as the green house effect.Water pollutionWater pollution is occurs when toxic chemicals are released in the water and garbage or any waste trash which is thrown in the water. So these garbage and industrial waste will not readily decompose can cause toxic pollution of water supplies. Such activity can bring about acid soils and alkaline detergents can prevent the decomposition of wastes.

Housekeeper’s role in environmental controlA housekeeper’s play an important role in the environmental control because the housekeepers are responsible for the cleanliness maintenance and aesthetic upkeep of the organization. A sound program of pollution, waste control, waste disposal and recycling must become one of the major goals for all persons involved with housekeeping operation. Regardless of the type of facility- hotels, hostels, convention centers, home, restaurants all must make the environment a part of their professional concern.


Chapter 6

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