Chapter 51 Notes Behavioral Biology. Introduction to Behavior Behavior: what an animal does and how...
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Transcript of Chapter 51 Notes Behavioral Biology. Introduction to Behavior Behavior: what an animal does and how...
![Page 1: Chapter 51 Notes Behavioral Biology. Introduction to Behavior Behavior: what an animal does and how it does it Behavior can result from both genes and.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf7f3d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 51 Notes
Behavioral Biology
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Introduction to Behavior
Behavior: what an animal does and how it does it
Behavior can result from both genes and environmental factors- not nature vs. nurture-still some behaviors are innate
ex. young birds begging for food
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Introduction to Behavior
Behavioral biology is connected to ethology: the study of animal behavior in natural conditions- Fixed action pattern: behavioral acts that is unchangeable and carried to completion- sometimes triggered by a sign stimulus
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Introduction to Behavior
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Introduction to Behavior
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Introduction to Behavior
Behavioral ecology views behavior as an evolutionary adaptation- natural selection will favor behavior patterns that enhance survivalex. foraging: mechanisms to recognize, search for, and capture food
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Learning
Learning is the modification of behavior resulting from specific experiences.- most innate behaviors improve with performance
Modification is when behaviors change because of ongoing developmental changes
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Learning
Habituation: type of learning that involves a loss of responsiveness to stimuli that convey little or no information- ex. the “cry-wolf” effect
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Learning
Imprinting is a type of learning that is limited to a specific time period in an animal’s life and that is irreversible. Time of learning is called the sensitive period.- ex. mother-offspring bonding
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Learning
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Learning
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Learning
Many animals can learn to associate one stimulus to another
Associative learning: the connecting of one stimulus to another- ex. Pavlov’s dog
Classical conditioning: involves learning to associate an arbitrary stimulus with a reward or punishment
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Learning
Operant conditioning: trial-and-error learning. Animals learn to associate one of its behaviors with a reward or punishment
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Learning
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Animal Cognition
Cognition: the ability of an animal’s nervous system to perceive, store, process, and use information gathered by sensory receptors.
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Animal Cognition
Animals use various cognitive mechanisms during movement
Kinesis: a simple change in activity or turning rate in response to a stimulus
Taxis: an automatic movement toward or away from a stimulus
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Animal Cognition
Honey bees use a cognitive map made up of several landmarks to help them locate their hive and flowers.
Migration, or the regular movement over long distances, is an advanced form of cognition
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Animal Cognition
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Animal Cognition