Chapter 5.1-5.2 Notes GSI

8/8/2019 Chapter 5.1-5.2 Notes GSI

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Name: ____________________________ GSI Shuler

The Rise of Rome (pages 149-154)

Map:

Locate the following on the map provided:

Rome

Carthag

e

Byzantiu

m

Jerusale

m

Sicily

(shade orange)

Judea

(shade green)

Alps

Pyrenees

Mts

Rubicon

River

Aegean

Sea

Mediter

ranean Sea

Color Rivers Blue and Mountains Brown

Place red stripes over all the land that was part of the Roman

Empire by 14AD.


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Place purple polka dots on the area that used to be the

Carthaginian Empire

Key Terms: Match the terms on the left with the correct

statement to the right.

1. Cannae

2. Consul

3. Hannibal

4. Patrician

5. Plebeian

6. Praetor

7. Punic Wars

8. Republic

9. Senate

a. Form of government in which the leader

is not a monarch and certain citizens

have the right to vote.

b. Great landowners, Romes ruling elite

c. Small farmers, craftspeople, merchants,

and less wealthy landholders.

d. Two people chosen every year that ran

the Roman army into battle and over sawthe government.

e. Roman official in charge of civil law, law

that applied to citizens.

f. Select group of 300 patricians who

served for life.

g. Hannibal defeated the Romans at this

battle but they refused to surrender.

h. Series of battles between Carthage andRome which enabled the Romans to

control the Mediterranean.

i. Leader of the Carthaginian Army who

vowed to destroy Rome.

Key Points

The Land and the Peoples of Italy

10. What role did geography play in the prosperity anddefensibility of Rome?

Rome was located about 18 miles ____________________ on the

____________________ River, giving it access to the

____________________ while being far enough inland to be safe

from ____________________.


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Rome was built on seven ____________________, so it was easily

____________________. It was situated where the

____________________ could easily be ____________________,

become a crossing point for north-south traffic.

11. Which groups of people

influenced the development of Rome?

a.

b.

c.

d.

12. In what ways did the Greeks and Etruscans influence the

Romans?

The Romans imitated the Greeks ____________________,

____________________, ____________________, and

____________________. Romans also learned how to grow

____________________ and ____________________ from the

Greeks.

The Romans adopted the Etruscans ____________________ - the

toga and short cloak. The organization of the Roman

____________________ was also borrowed from the Etruscans.

The Roman Republic

13. In what way were the Romans good diplomats?The Romans gained support of conquered people by giving them Roman

____________________ and by allowing them to run their

own____________________. Romans were excellent

____________________ and they were also

____________________ in law and politics.


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The Roman State

14. Why did the plebeians resent the patricians?

The plebeians resented the patricians because the patricians did not

treat the plebeians as____________________. The plebeians could

not hold____________________, and their children could not

____________________ the children of the patricians.

15. Draw the diagram of the social hierarchy of Rome. Include

slaves, senate, plebeians, patricians, dictators, and consuls. Make

sure you put them in the correct place in the triangle.

Rome Conquers the Mediterranean

16. What was the cause of the First Punic War?

The First Punic War began when the Romans sent an army to

____________________ in 264 BC. The____________________considered this an act of war because they considered

____________________ a part of their empire.

17. Create a flow chart of the major causes, events, and

effects of the Punic Wars:


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18. What is the historical and cultural significance of theroman destruction of Carthage?

Romans destroyed Carthage and dispersed its inhabitants by selling

them into ____________________. The Romans obliterated

Carthage to the point that nothing ____________________ for

archaeologists and historians to study.

Categorizing Information

19. List the offices or governing bodies that plebeians and/or

patricians could serve in. Include the following: consuls, praetors,

tribunes, Senate, council of the plebs, centuriate assembly.

Name: _______________________ GSI-Shuler

Chapter 5, Section 2: From Republic to Empire

First Punic War Second Punic War Third Punic War Results

Government of Rome

Patricians Plebeians


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Key Terms: Match the terms on the left with the correct

statement to the right.

1. Dictator

2. Imperator

3. Julius Caesar

4. Nero

5. Octavian

Augustus

6. Triumvirate

a. A government by three people of

equal power.

b. An absolute ruler.

c. Defeated Pompey and Crassus to

become Dictator for Life

d. Caesars grandnephew and the

first emperor of Rome

e. Commander in chief with complete

control of the roman army.

f. Emperor of Rome that is known forkilling people, especially Christians,

even his own mother and himself.

Key Points

Growing Inequality and Unrest

7. Describe the economic and social crisis that existed for the smallfarmers in Rome

a. Over a period of time, many small farmers found themselves

unable to ____________________ with large, wealthy,

landowners and had ____________________ their lands.

b. As a result, many of these small farmers drifted to cities,

especially Rome, forming a large class of

____________________.

8. How did the Gracchus brothers try to help the poor?


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a. They urged the ____________________ to pass laws that

would take back land from the large landowners and give it

to the landless poor.

9. How did Marius change the role of the army in ancient Rome?

a. Marius recruited soldiers by promising them

____________________. These soldiers swore an oath of

loyalty to the ____________________, not to the Roman

state.

b. Marius created a new type of army that was not under

____________________ control. This forced generals tobecome involved in ____________________ in order to

get laws passed that would provide land for their veterans.

10. How did Sulla change the role of the army in ancient Rome?

a. Sulla used his army to __________ Rome itself in 82BC,

conducting a reign of __________ to wipe out all

opposition.

b. Then Sulla restored power to the _______________ and

eliminated most of the powers of the popular

____________________. His example of using his army

to seize power would prove most ____________________

to ambitious men in the future.

The Collapse of the Republic11. Briefly describe the leaders who formed the First Triumvirate.

a. ____________________ was known to be the richest man

in Rome.

b. ____________________ had returned from Spain as a

military hero.


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c. ____________________also had a military command in

Spain and became Romes first dictator.

12. How did Caesar weaken the power of the Senate?

a. Caesar increased the Senate to __________ members. By

filling it with many of his ____________________ and

____________________ the number of members, he

weakened the power of the Senate.

13. List the men who formed the Second Triumvirate and explain their

fates. a. ____________________ became first emperor.

b. ____________________ committed suicide with

Cleopatra VII.

c. ____________________ led Caesars cavalry.

14. Explain how the relationship between Antony and Cleopatra helped lead

to the fall of the Roman Republic:

The Age of Augustus

15. What two titles did the Senate give Octavian? What do the titles

mean?

a. In 27BC, the Senate awarded Octavian the title of

____________________ - the

____________________ one, a fitting title in view of his

power.

b. The senate also gave Octavian the title

____________________, or ____________________ in

chief.

16. Why did the Roman defeat in Germany devastate Augustus?


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a. His power was based largely on his control of the army, and

his loss proved that Romes power was not

____________________.

The Early Empire

17. How did Augustuss political system provide for the succession of

rulers in the empire?

a. Augustuss new political system allowed the emperor to

____________________ his successor from his natural or

adopted ____________________.

18.

What was thePax Romana

?a. The Pax Romanawas a period of ____________________

and ____________________ that lasted for almost a

____________________ years.

19. What were the economic conditions and chief occupations in Rome

during the Early Empire?

a. The Early Empire was a period of much

____________________, with internal peace leading to

high levels of trade.

b. However, there was a large ____________________

between the wealthy and the poor, which led to government

handouts of ____________________.

c. Farming remained the chief occupation, but

____________________ and ____________________

were also important.


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Emperors

20. List the following emperors in the order that they ruled Rome and

write the one thing that each is most known for: Trajan, Tiberius,

Hadrian, Marcus Aurelius, Nerva, Caligula, Antoninus Pius, Claudius,

Augustus, Nero. Then highlight the names of the five good emperors.

Chapter 5.1-5.2 Notes GSI

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