Chapter 5 Science

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Chapter 5: The Air Around Us

r is a mixture of matters in the gaseous form.

erefore, air has ____________and ___________________.

r cannot be seen but it can be felt.

r is everywhere around us. The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds the Earth.

r is a mixture of different gases. These gases:

________________

________________

________________________________

r also contains other components such as:

________________

________________

________________


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Air is a mixture:Reason:

1) The components of air can be easily separated.2) Each component found in the air still maintains its original properties.

3) By mixing nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, inert gases and water vapor together, air can be obtained.4) The ratio of the components in the air changes according to the place and its surrounding.

5) The components of the air can be separated physically by heating cold-compact air in a fractional distillation furnace.

Air contains water vapor, microorganisms and dust particles:

1) Air contains water vapor, microorganisms and dust particles.

2) The quantities of these components are small and may change with time and place.

3) Microorganisms in the air are too small to be seen with naked eye. We need a microscope to view them.

4) Some of the microorganisms are harmful and may cause diseases.

5) Dust particles in the air come from soil and the burning fuels.


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he properties of Oxygen and carbon dioxide:

Properties Oxygen Carbon Dioxide

State at room temperature

Color

Smell

Solubility in water

Density

Reaction with NaOH solution

Effect on a glowing splinter

Effect on a burning splinter

Effect on moist litmus paper

Effect on lime water

Effect on hydrogen carbonate indicator


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xygen is needed for respiration:

ving things need oxygen forrespiration.espiration is a process by which our body obtains and uses oxygen to oxidise food for the production of energy.arbon dioxide and water vapor are released as the by products.e mechanisms of respiration involve the breathing in of air and the breathing out of air.eathing involves the exchange of gases between an organism and its environment.

ving things use oxygen and give out carbon dioxide during respiration.


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haled air and exhaled air:

espiration involved the inhalation (taking in) and exhalation (giving out) of air.

r breathed into the body is called _______________________.

r breathed out of the body is called _____________________.

xygen is used and carbon dioxide is released during respiration.

his causes the differences in the amounts of oxygen and carbon dioxide in inhaled and exhaled air.

he temperature of exhaled air is higher than inhaled air because heat energy is released during respiration.

he main organ in the human respiratory system is the _________________.

he large, thin and moist surface of the _________________allows the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs.

the lungs, oxygen dissolves in the blood and is carried to every cell in our body.

ellular respiration takes place in the cells, where oxygen from the inhaled air is carried by blood to the cells, and oxidises food in the

ells.

uring cellular respiration, oxygen is used while energy, carbon dioxide and water vapor are released.

nergy released during respiration is used to carry out daily processes of the organisms.

espiration process

__________+_______________ __________________+_______________________+______________________

Component of air Inhaled air (%) Exhaled air (%)

Nitrogen 78 78

Oxygen 21 16

Carbon Dioxide 0.03 4

Inert gases 0.97 0.97

Water vapor Less More


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Chapter 5 Science

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