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Chapter 5 part 2 Heat Pumps Refrigerators Air Conditioners Ground Source Geothermal Systems...
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Transcript of Chapter 5 part 2 Heat Pumps Refrigerators Air Conditioners Ground Source Geothermal Systems...
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Chapter 5 part 2
Heat PumpsRefrigeratorsAir ConditionersGround Source Geothermal SystemsEfficiency of Heat PumpsEnergy Efficient BuildingsCountering Sick Building Syndrome
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Air Conditioner Layout
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Home Heat Pump
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Heat Pump EfficiencyEfficiency = 100 * Thigh/(Thigh-Tlow)
Where Thigh is the temperature of the high Temperature reservior in degrees Kelvin
Tlow is the temperature of the low temperatureReservoir in degrees Kelvin
As the temperature difference decreases, doesA heat pump become more or less efficient?
Can a heat pump efficiency exceed 100%?
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Coefficient of Performance
COP =heat transferred/electricty used=useful work/energy inputwhy does COP change with the outdoor temperature?
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Seasonal Performance Factor
SPF= total energy output/total energy used
How does SPF relate to the theoretical efficiency of a heat pump?
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Relative Costs of Heating Methods
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Ground Source Geothermal Pump
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Tradeoffs of Ground Source
More efficient (why?)
Less peak power use (peak shaving) Why?
BUTHigh initial cost for boreholes or trenchesMore than conventional heating/coolingNeeds a superinsulated building to be economicalIn NY winters
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Energy Efficient Office Building A-InteriorWindowsFunnel LightB-FluorescentLightsC-Task LightingD-OccupancySensors
Low E FilmLow ToxicityMaterialsAtriumMore Insulation
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Energy Efficient Office 21-Solar Panel2-Hot Air Duct3-Air Filter4-Heater5-Air Supply Pump6-Circulation Duct 7-Outflow Duct 8-Exhaust Fan9-Heat Exchanger
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Energy Efficient Refrigerator(Vestfrost/Sunfrost)
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Features of Vest Frost
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Energy Efficiency of Typical Refrigerator
We use about 500 KWH per month. Fridge is 15% of costsOur refrigerator uses 75 kWH per month or 2.25 kWHPer day or almost 3 times the usage of a vestfrost.Why?
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Total Energy UsageQ/t = 1/R * A*delta T
Where Q is heat loss per unit time t,R is average R value, A is surface area,And delta T is temperature difference.
Qtotal = sum (A/R)*24*DDWhere DD are the annual degree daysR is the average R value, A is surface areaOf house.Infiltration losses must be added to this.
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Prevention of Sick Building Syndrome
House plants can dramatically reduce the levelsOf formaldehyde, benzene and trichloroethyleneWithin a home. Air inside a well insulated homeOften 2 to 5 times more polluted than outdoor air.
Some good onesAloe vera (also good for burns)Bamboo palmSpider plantEnglish ivyJanet CraigWarnecki dracaena
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Chrysanthemum
Same as the outdoor plants,Will also grow wellindoors
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Devils IvyGrows well inHanging pots
Will tolerate neglect
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African DaisyNeeds to be startedIn a professional Greenhouse.
Prefers warmer Climates.
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Peace LilyOne of the easiestOf large houseplantsGrows well in low lightSurvives well at averageHouse temperaturesAnd humidity levels.