Chapter 5 IP Address Configuration Connecting People To Information.
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Chapter 5 IP Address Configuration Connecting People To Information Connecting People To Information
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Transcript of Chapter 5 IP Address Configuration Connecting People To Information.
Chapter 5
IP Address Configuration
Connecting People To InformationConnecting People To Information
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• Unique addressing allows communication between end stations
• Path choice is based on location• Location is represented by an address
Introduction to TCP/IP Addresses
UNIX HostUNIX Host
Company ACompany B
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IP Addressing
32 Bits
Network Host
8 Bits
172 . 16 . 122 . 204
8 Bits 8 Bits 8 Bits
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• Class A:
• Class B:
• Class C:
• Class D: for multicast
• Class E: for research
N = Network number H = Host number
IP Address Classes
N H H H
N N H H
N N N H
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IP Address Bit Patterns
1 7 24
Class A:
# Bits
1 14 161
Class B:
# Bits
1 21 811
Class C:
# Bits
0 network # host #
1 network # host #0
1 network # host #1 0
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Recognizing Classes in IP Addresses (First Octet Rule)
High OrderBits
Octet inDecimal
AddressClass
0
10
110
1 – 126
128 – 191
192 – 223
A
B
C
Configuring IP Addresses
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Host Addresses172.16.2.1
172.16.3.10
172.16.12.12
IP: 172.16.2.1
10.1.1.1
10.250.8.11
10.180.30.118
IP: 10.6.24.2
E0 E1
172.16 12 12
Network Host
. . Network Interface
172.16.0.0
10.0.0.0
E0
E1
Routing Table
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• Network 172.16.0.0
172.16.0.0
Addressing without Subnets
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• Network 172.16.0.0
Addressing with Subnets
172.16.1.0 172.16.2.0
172.16.3.0
172.16.4.0
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Subnet Addressing172.16.2.200
172.16.2.2
172.16.2.160
IP: 172.16.2.1
172.16.3.5
172.16.3.100
172.16.3.150
IP: 172.16.3.1
E0 E1
172.16 2 160
Network Host
. . Network Interface
172.16.2.0
172.16.3.0
E0
E1
New Routing Table
Subnet
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Subnet Mask
172 16 0 0
255 255 0 0
255 255 255 0
IPAddress
DefaultSubnet
Mask
8-bitSubnet
Mask
Network Host
Use host bits, starting at thehigh order bit position
Network Host
Network Subnet Host
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Decimal Equivalents of Bit Patterns
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 = 128
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 = 192
1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 = 224
1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 = 240
1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 = 248
1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 = 252
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 = 254
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 = 255
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
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Network Host
172.16.2.160
255.255.0.0
172 16 0 0
10101100
11111111
10101100
00010000
11111111
00010000
00000000
00000000
10100000
00000000
00000000
• Subnets not in use—the default
00000010
Subnet Mask without Subnets
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Network Host
172.16.2.160
255.255.255.0
172 16 2 0
Subnet
11111111 11111111 0000000011111111
• Network number extended by eight bits
10101100
10101100
00010000
00010000 00000010
10100000
00000000
00000010
Subnet Mask with Subnets
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IP Host Address: 172.16.2.120Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
• Subnet Address = 172.16.2.0• Host Addresses = 172.16.2.1–172.16.2.254• Broadcast Address = 172.16.2.255• Eight bits of subnetting
Network Subnet Host
172 16 2 0
172.16.2.120:
255.255.255.0:
10101100
11111111
Subnet: 10101100 00010000
00010000
11111111
00000010
00000010
11111111
01111001
00000000
00000000
Class B Subnet Planning Example
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IP Host Address: 201.222.5.121Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.248
Network Subnet Host
201 222 5 120
201.222.5.121: 11001001
11111111
Subnet: 11001001 11011110
11011110
11111111
00000101
00000101
11111111
01111 001
11111 000
01111 000
255.255.255.248:
Class C Subnet Planning Example
• Subnet Address = 201.222.5.120• Host Addresses = 201.222.5.121–201.222.5.126• Broadcast Address = 201.222.5.127• Five Bits of Subnetting
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Broadcast Addresses
172.16.1.0
172.16.2.0
172.16.3.0
172.16.4.0
172.16.3.255(Directed broadcast)
255.255.255.255(Local network broadcast)
XX
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Written Exercise: Broadcast Addresses
Address Class Subnet Broadcast
201.222.10.60 255.255.255.248
Subnet Mask
15.16.193.6 255.255.248.0
128.16.32.13 255.255.255.252
153.50.6.27 255.255.255.128
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Subnetting Example
Cisco A Cisco B
E0 S0 E0S0 To0
Cisco A
E0: 172.16.2.1 S0: 172.16.1.1
S0: 172.16.1.2 E0: 144.254.4.1 To0: 144.254.16.1
Cisco B
Mask
255.255.255.0
Subnet
172.16.2.0172.16.1.0
172.16.1.0
144.254.16.0144.254.4.0
Mask Subnet
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0 255.255.252.0 255.255.252.0
TokenRing
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IP Address ConfigurationRouter(config-if)#
• Assigns an address and subnet mask• Starts IP processing on an interface
ip address ip-address subnet-maskip address ip-address subnet-mask
Router(config-if)#
ip netmask-format { bitcount | decimal | hexadecimal } ip netmask-format { bitcount | decimal | hexadecimal }
• Sets format of network mask for a specific line
Router#
term ip netmask-format { bitcount | decimal | hexadecimal } term ip netmask-format { bitcount | decimal | hexadecimal }
• Sets format of network mask for current session
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Router(config)#
• Defines static host name to IP address mapping
• Hosts/interfaces selectable by name or IP address
IP Host Names
ip host name [ tcp-port-number ] address [ address ]…ip host name [ tcp-port-number ] address [ address ]…
ip host P1R1 1.0.0.5 2.0.0.8ip host P1R2 1.0.0.4ip host P1R1 1.0.0.5 2.0.0.8ip host P1R2 1.0.0.4
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• Specifies one or more hosts that supply host name to logical address resolution
Router(config)#
Name Server Configuration
ip name-server server-address1 [[ server-address2 ]... server-address6 ]ip name-server server-address1 [[ server-address2 ]... server-address6 ]
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Verifying Address Configuration
Application
Transport
Internet
Network Interface
Hardware
Telnet
ICMPtrace
ping
Application
Transport
Internet
Network Interface
Hardware
Telnet
ICMP trace
telnet
trace
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• Tests IP network connectivity
Simple Ping
Router> ping 172.16.101.1Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.101.1, timeout is 2 seconds:.!!!!Success rate is 80 percent, round-trip min/avg/max = 6/6/6 msRouter>
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• Ping supported for several protocols
Extended Ping
Router# pingProtocol [ip]:Target IP address: 192.168.101.162Repeat count [5]:Datagram size [100]:Timeout in seconds [2]:Extended commands [n]: ySource address:Type of service [0]:Set DF bit in IP header? [no]: yesData pattern [0xABCD]:Loose, Strict, Record, Timestamp, Verbose[none]:Sweep range of sizes [n]:Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.101.162, timeout is 2 seconds:!!!!!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 24/26/28 msRouter#
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• Shows interface addresses used to reach the destination
IP Trace
Router# trace aba.nyc.milType escape sequence to abort.Tracing the route to aba.nyc.mil (26.0.0.73)
1 debris.cisco.com (172.16.1.6) 1000 msec 8 msec 4 msec2 barrnet-gw.cisco.com (172.16.16.2) 8 msec 8 msec 8 msec3 external-a-gateway.stanford.edu (192.42.110.225) 8 msec 4 msec 4 msec4 bb2.su.barrnet.net (131.119.254.6) 8 msec 8 msec 8 msec5 su.arc.barrnet.net (131.119.3.8) 12 msec 12 msec 8 msec6 moffett-fld-mb.in.mil (192.52.195.1) 216 msec 120 msec 132 msec7 aba.nyc.mil (26.0.0.73) 412 msec * 664 msec
