Chapter 4,sec.4
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Transcript of Chapter 4,sec.4
Chapter 4,sec.4
Winning the WarThe British surrender
at Yorktown
Patriots have more than a little help from European Allies
How the huge underdog is able to pull off the stunning
upset
Friedrich von Steuben
Prussian captain Talented drillmaster Tells Geo.
Washington he can help
Will transform raw militia into a fighting force
Marquis de Lafayette
20 years old!!! Aristocrat Will endure Valley
Forge Will help to get
French re-enforcements in 1779
Britain changes war tactics
After Saratoga,they will focus on southern colonies
They hope to gain loyalist support,regain colony control, then move north
1778-they take Savanna,Ga. 1779-Georgia has a Royal governor
Gen. Cornwallis (Britain)
1780-he and Gen. Clinton capture Charleston,S.C.
Greatest British victory of the war
They capture 5500 patriots
Gen. Cornwallis, cont.
He will conquer No./So. Carolina His forces will be joined by escaped slaves He establishes forts across the state Successful for most of 1780 Patriots force back to S.Carolina by year’s
end
1781
Washington will send Gen. Greene/Morgan To attack Gen. Cornwallis
Cornwallis counter-attacks at Cowpens,S.C. expects outnumbered Americans to flee, they don’t!
Redcoats defeated,surrender Cornwallis will win next battle at Guilford
Court house,but victory will be costly
1781,cont.
Gen. Greene(AM) asks Lafayette to get French help
Cornwallis will lead his 7500 man army to Yorktown
French have 6000 men in R.I. Americans, French(with ships) combine forces,
attack British at Yorktown French navy defeats British navy, blockade the
bay, no escape for the British!
Siege of Yorktown
17,000 FR./AM. Soldiers They surround the British Shell them for 3 weeks His troops outnumbered
2-1,weakened,Cornwallis surrenders Oct. 17,1781
Oct. 19,1781, formal surrender, troops lay down weapons
Paris Peace Talks-1782
Four members, Americans, France, England, and Spain
U.S. would not even begin talks until ALL recognize U.S. independence
Britain last to agree, talks begin
Treaty of Paris
Confirms U.S. independence Sets boundaries for the new nation Natives,who did not get involved,or helped
Britain, not protected Loyalists left in the dark, promised legal
rights, but did not get them
Egalitarianism
Means new ideals for Americans!! Lines between rich/poor become less
distinct!!! Respect for all!!! Equality of all people!!! Ability,effort,virtue, will define a person,
not money or family!!!
AS LONG AS YOU ARE A WHITE MAN!!!
Slavery
By 1804,most northern states will outlaw it Southern states make it easier to free
slaves Morality of the issue is debated In the deep south, not so much Reality is that most Africans are still
enslaved, free blacks face discrimination and poverty
Native Americans
They are faced with much uncertainty Many of their communities have been
destroyed Many of the tribes have been displaced Their population east of the Mississippi is
down 50%! Settlers keep pressing west, taking their
land