Chapter 4

•The Colonies Develop

New England Life•Fishing and trade contributed to the growth and prosperity of the New England Colonies.

New England Fishing

Tall timber for-

-masts for ships

•New England had long winters and rocky soil. English settlers made up the largest group in the region’s population.

Boston Today

•Triangular Trade: The name given to a trading route with three stops. Also known as the Columbian Exchange.

Triangular Trade

•Navigation Acts: A series of laws passed by Parliament, beginning in 1651, to ensure that England made money from its colonies trade.

•Smuggling: Importing or exporting goods illegally.

Smugglers

Blackbeard

Middle Colonies: Farms and Cities•The people who settled in the Middle Colonies made a society of great diversity.

•Diversity: Many different immigrant groups moved to the Middle Colonies.

Diversity

•Artisans: People who are experts at making items such as glass, furniture, and kitchenware.

Artisans

•Cash Crops: Because of a longer growing season they were able to grow more produce to sell to market.

Cash Crops

•Gristmill: After harvesting crops of corn, wheat, etc…, millers crushed the grain between heavy stones to produce flour.

Gristmill

Southern Colonial Life

•The economy of the Southern Colonies relied heavily on slave labor.

•Indigo: A plant that yields a deep blue dye.

Indigo

•Overseers: They were men who were hired by planters to watch over the direct work of slaves.

Overseers

•Stono Rebellion: Slaves rebelled because they were frustrated by their loss of freedom.

Backcountry Life

•Settlers moved to the Backcountry because land was cheap and plentiful.

•Backcountry: Land from the western edge of the colonies to beyond the Appalachian Mountains.

Backcountry

•Appalachian Mountains: They stretch from eastern Canada south to Alabama.

Appalachian Mountains

•Clans: A large group of families-sometimes in the thousands-that claim a common ancestor.