Chapter 4 Section 1 The Role of Climate
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Transcript of Chapter 4 Section 1 The Role of Climate
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Chapter 4 Section 1The Role of Climate
• Objectives:– Identify what influences climate– Explain how Earth’s temperature range is
maintained– Identify Earth’s three main climate zones
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What is Weather
• The day-to-day condition of Earth’s atmosphere at a particular time and place
• What the meteorologist gives you when you watch the news
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What is Climate?
The average, year-after-year conditions of temperature
and precipitation in a particular region
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Conditions that affect weather and climate:
Solar NRG
Latitude
Elevation above sea level
Greenhouse Gases in the atmosphere
Ocean and Wind currents
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Greenhouse Gases
• Carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), water vapor, and a few others trap heat NRG and maintain Earth’s temperature range
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Greenhouse Effect:•Natural situation in which heat is retained in Earth’s atmosphere by greenhouse gasses
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Some heat
escapes
into space
Greenhouse
gases trap
some heat
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As a result of differences in latitude and thus the angle of heating (angle at which the sun’s rays strike Earth), Earth has three main climate zones:
Sunlight
Most direct sunlight
Sunlight
Sunlight
Sunlight
90°N North Pole
90°S South Pole
Arctic circle
Tropic of Cancer
Equator
Tropic of Capricorn
Antarctic circle
66.5°N
23.5°N
23.5°S
66.5°S
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Tropical Zone: Receives the sun’s rays most directly,
warm climateLocated between 23.50 North and 23.50
South latitudes
Temperate Zone: Climate ranges from hot to cold
according to a change in seasonsLocated between polar and tropical
zones
Polar Zone:
Cold areas where the sun’s rays strike Earth at a very low angle
Located between 66.50 and 900 N. and S. Latitudes
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Unequal heating of Earth’s surface drives wind and ocean currents which distributes heat NRG throughout the biosphere
Interpret ocean and wind currents on page 89.