Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central,...

33
Chapter 4: Chapter 4: Federalism Federalism

Transcript of Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central,...

Page 1: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

Chapter 4: FederalismChapter 4: Federalism

Page 2: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

What is Federalism?What is Federalism?

Federalism is the way we divide Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, power between the central, national government, and the national government, and the regional state governmentsregional state governments

Page 3: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

Why do we use a Federalist Why do we use a Federalist System?System?

Framers believed government Framers believed government was a threat to individual libertywas a threat to individual liberty

Government must therefore be Government must therefore be restrainedrestrained

Dividing the powers of Dividing the powers of government can limit itgovernment can limit it

Page 4: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

Advantages of FederalismAdvantages of Federalism

Allows local action in matters of local Allows local action in matters of local concernconcern

Here are some examples…Here are some examples…

Gov. Brewer

Pres. Obama

Page 5: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

Differences Between StatesDifferences Between States

In Oregon and New Jersey, it is In Oregon and New Jersey, it is illegal to pump your own gasillegal to pump your own gasIn Nevada, it is illegal to ride a In Nevada, it is illegal to ride a camel on state highwayscamel on state highwaysIn Texas, criminals are required to In Texas, criminals are required to inform their victims of the crime to inform their victims of the crime to be committed 24 hours in advance, be committed 24 hours in advance, either verbally or in writingeither verbally or in writing

Page 6: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

Differences Between StatesDifferences Between States

In Massachusetts, it is illegal to go In Massachusetts, it is illegal to go to bed without taking a full bathto bed without taking a full bath

In Ohio, it is illegal to get fish drunkIn Ohio, it is illegal to get fish drunk

In California, it is illegal for a car In California, it is illegal for a car without a driver to exceed 60 miles without a driver to exceed 60 miles per hourper hour

Page 7: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

Divisions of PowerDivisions of PowerThere are three kinds of power for There are three kinds of power for the national governmentthe national government ExpressedExpressed – written directly in the – written directly in the

ConstitutionConstitution Implied Implied – reasonably assumed – reasonably assumed

from the expressed powersfrom the expressed powers InherentInherent – never mentioned in the – never mentioned in the

Constitution, but always used by Constitution, but always used by national governmentsnational governments

Page 8: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

Divisions of PowerDivisions of Power

Reserved Powers Reserved Powers – the powers that – the powers that are are notnot given to the given to the national national government, and government, and are thus reserved are thus reserved for the statesfor the states

1010thth Amendment Amendment

Page 9: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

The Nation’s Obligations to the The Nation’s Obligations to the StatesStates

The national government is The national government is Constitutionally required to Constitutionally required to guarantee the following things for guarantee the following things for the states:the states: RepublicRepublican form of government an form of government

– basically means a – basically means a representativerepresentative government government

Page 10: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

The Nation’s Obligations to the The Nation’s Obligations to the StatesStates

Protection from Invasion and Protection from Invasion and Internal DisorderInternal Disorder

Respect for Territorial Integrity – Respect for Territorial Integrity – it must legally acknowledge the it must legally acknowledge the existence and boundaries of the existence and boundaries of the states. states. Georgia vs. Tennessee Georgia vs. Tennessee

Page 11: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

How to Admit New StatesHow to Admit New States

Congress has the power to admit Congress has the power to admit new states into the U.S. (Article new states into the U.S. (Article IV)IV)Congress gets to set rules for Congress gets to set rules for what states must do to get what states must do to get admittedadmittedFor example:For example:

Page 12: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

UtahUtah

Congress required Utah to ban Congress required Utah to ban polygamy (having more than one polygamy (having more than one spouse) before being admittedspouse) before being admitted

Page 13: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

Arizona had a rule that allowed Arizona had a rule that allowed people to remove judges by people to remove judges by voting – judicial recallvoting – judicial recall

Arizona repeal the law before Arizona repeal the law before becoming a state (Happy 100becoming a state (Happy 100thth!)!)

But, we’re tricky here in AZ…But, we’re tricky here in AZ…

ArizonaArizona

Page 14: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

Arizona repealed the law as the Arizona repealed the law as the U.S. requested, and became a U.S. requested, and became a statestate

Our first official act of statehood –Our first official act of statehood – A constitutional amendment to A constitutional amendment to

add judicial recalladd judicial recall

ArizonaArizona

Page 15: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

Cooperative FederalismCooperative Federalism

Sometimes, the state and national Sometimes, the state and national governments fight over powergovernments fight over power

There are also ways that they There are also ways that they help each otherhelp each other

Page 16: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

Federal GrantsFederal GrantsGrant – money from the federal Grant – money from the federal government given to the statesgovernment given to the states This money helps the states run This money helps the states run

programs like programs like educationeducation and and welfarewelfare without going broke without going broke

The federal government sets The federal government sets conditionsconditions for receiving the grant, for receiving the grant, which gives it more which gives it more influence overinfluence over the statethe state

Page 17: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

Types of GrantsTypes of Grants

Categorical Grant – money for a Categorical Grant – money for a specificspecific, defined purpose, defined purpose

Block Grant – money for a Block Grant – money for a broad broad purpose,purpose, few strings attached few strings attached

Project Grant – money for programs Project Grant – money for programs like like researchresearch or job training, could be or job training, could be given to given to universitiesuniversities or private or private businessesbusinesses

Page 18: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

Other Help for the StatesOther Help for the States

FBI, ATF, U.S. Marshals, & FBI, ATF, U.S. Marshals, & Justice Dept. help state and local Justice Dept. help state and local policepoliceArmy helps National GuardArmy helps National GuardCensus Bureau’s data is free Census Bureau’s data is free research for the statesresearch for the statesAnd more!And more!

Page 19: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

State help for the National State help for the National GovernmentGovernment

All elections are paid for and run All elections are paid for and run by the statesby the statesLocal police often catch the Local police often catch the criminals the FBI is searching forcriminals the FBI is searching forNaturalization takes place in state Naturalization takes place in state courtscourtsAnd more!And more!

Page 20: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

Interstate RelationsInterstate Relations

““Can’t we just all get along?”Can’t we just all get along?”

Rodney KingRodney King

Page 21: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

Full Faith and CreditFull Faith and Credit

The “Full Faith and Credit” Clause The “Full Faith and Credit” Clause is found in is found in Article IVArticle IV

It says that states must legally It says that states must legally recognize each others’ public recognize each others’ public acts, records, and judicial acts, records, and judicial proceedingsproceedings

Page 22: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

Exceptions to Full Faith and CreditExceptions to Full Faith and Credit

Full Faith and Credit only applies to Full Faith and Credit only applies to Civil casesCivil cases, not criminal cases!, not criminal cases! States cannot punish someone on States cannot punish someone on

behalf of another statebehalf of another state

States do not have to recognize each States do not have to recognize each others’ divorces if the people were not others’ divorces if the people were not true residents of the state granting the true residents of the state granting the divorcedivorce

Page 23: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

Other RequirementOther Requirement

Extradition – a fugitive from Extradition – a fugitive from justice who flees a state must be justice who flees a state must be returned to the state where he returned to the state where he committed the crimecommitted the crime

This prevents criminals from This prevents criminals from being able to escape being able to escape consequences of their actionsconsequences of their actions

Page 24: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

DramatizationDramatization

Yo, Texas dude!

Page 25: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

DramatizationDramatization

Some guy killed Michael Moore, and he crossed into your border.

Page 26: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

DramatizationDramatization

Can you send him back over,

bra?

Page 27: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

DramatizationDramatization

No. You’re a fruit cake, Cali.

Page 28: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

DramatizationDramatization

And I hate that lefty slob…

Page 29: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

DramatizationDramatizationNo, Texas! You must

extradite him!

Page 30: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

DramatizationDramatization

Dang, ya’ll.

Go catch a wave…

Page 31: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

Privileges and Immunities ClausePrivileges and Immunities Clause

States cannot draw distinctions States cannot draw distinctions between their residents and between their residents and citizens from other statescitizens from other states

Page 32: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.

Words of WisdomWords of Wisdomwith California Governorwith California Governor

Arnold SchwarzeneggerArnold Schwarzenegger

Page 33: Chapter 4: Federalism What is Federalism? Federalism is the way we divide power between the central, national government, and the regional state governments.