Chapter 31 By: Sarah Kosko. Essential Questions What was the Red Scare and what was the significance...
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Transcript of Chapter 31 By: Sarah Kosko. Essential Questions What was the Red Scare and what was the significance...
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Chapter 31
By: Sarah Kosko
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Essential Questions
• What was the Red Scare and what was the significance of it?
• What were some of the major inventions of the roaring 20’s?
• What was the economy like in the 20’s?
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Red Phase
• I- America started to lock down on the way they acted with other countries. They wanted to make sure the immigration gates against foreign policy were locked.
• II- The big red scare started appearing in 1919-1920, and threatened people who thought the Americanism of certain people was to be suspected.
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Red Phase
• III- Anti-redism and anti foreignism was started.– There was a lot of discrimination against the
immigrants, even to the point that they would get the death sentence in court situations.
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Ku Klux Klan
• I- The KKK was against a variety of groups. This includes anti-foreign, anti-Catholic, anti-black, anti-Jewish, anti-pacifist, anti-Communist, anti-internationalist,anti-revolutionist, anti-bootlegger, anti-gambling, anti-adultery, andanti-birth control.
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Ku Klux Klan
• II- They were at 5 million people strong at their peak.
• III- They were stopped because they had a money fraud. While they should have been stopped because of the racism and discrimination, that was not the case.
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Foreigners Coming In
• I- Foreigners were highly frowned upon, as they were considered a threat to the culture.
• II- There was an Emergency Quota Act of 1921, which prohibited immigrants from coming into America when the yearly quota was met.
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Prohibition Experiment
• I- Prohibition was part of the Progressive Reform Movement, and it was one of the last efforts.
• II- The 18th Amendment was passed, and this prohibited the sales of alcoholic beverages.
• III- Southern whites wanted to keep alcohol out of the hands of the blacks.
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Prohibition Experiment
• IV-Delusion from the war brought about different prohibition rules and the environment was changed.– Prohibition would have
been better and more effective if there was more enforcement.
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The Poles
• I-They were a group of immigrants that helped after the Civil War.
-Helped with starvation and finding land.
II-Polish Americans didn’t want to return to their homeland, they wanted to keep their American identity and heritage.
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Gangsterism
• I-Prohibition started to make a lot of other crimes more prominent.– In Chicago, there were over 500 people in
gangs that died because of violence and other crimes.
– Other activities included prostitution and gambling.
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Gangsterism
• I-One famous example would be Al Capone, who distributed booze and caused a lot of tax turmoil.
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Monkey Business
• I-Education was being made extremely important, especially because of professor John Dewey, at Columbia University.
- Schools were replacing prisons, and the minimum age for necessary schooling was becoming lower.
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Monkey Business
• II-Healthcare started to become prominent, and that led to the curing of diseases.
• III- Science was a huge element in advances. – Fundamentalists argued that Darwinism was
destroying faith in God.– Christians questioned their religion regarding
to the concept of science.
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Mass Consumption Economy
• I- Recent war and Treasury Secretary Andrew Mellons had tax policies that favored the rapid expansion of capital investments.
• II- New industries started to appear; electrical business was a giant business in the 1920’s.
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Mass Consumption Economy
• III- The automobile was a huge deal, and got a lot of admiration for it’s luxury and convenience.
• IV- Sports were becoming important, as well as the use of credit cards. One motto states “Possess today and pay tomorrow.”
• V- The Steel Industry and the Automobile employed 6 million people.
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Humans Develop Wings
• I- The plane was inspired by automobiles, and the work that humans could do with them. Orville and Wilbur Wright flew the first plane in the air for 12 seconds.
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Humans Develop Wings
• II- Airplanes were good for use in not only war, but also for delivering mail.– At first, there were a lot of accidents, but soon
they got fixed.
III- Charles Lindbergh was the first person to fly solo over the Atlantic Ocean.
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Radio Revolution
• I- In November of 1920, the first voice broadcasting radio station KDKA, starting to broadcast. – Told the news of
president Harding’s victory.
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Hollywood’s Filmland Fantasies
• I- At first, there were shows that were aimed particularly for adults, as they were inappropriate.
• II- Thomas Edison technically invented the first movie.
• III- Popular movies called “Vamps” were highly frowned upon, because they supported a lot of female nudity.
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Hollywood’s Filmland Fantasies
• IV- Movies started to tell actual stories, and some were offensive. They told brutal stories of World War I, and used a lot of propaganda.
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The Dynamic Decade
• I- Margaret Sanger, was the feminist that led the birth control movement. – Alice Paul led a
campaign in 1923 that was for an Equal Rights Amendment to the Constitution.
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The Dynamic Decade
• II- Humans were convinced that if you went to church more, this would be your form of contraceptive.
• III-Dancing started to become a widely used sexual innuendo. It was an expression of freedom.
-Sigmund Freud was for the idea of releasing sexual tension.
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Cultural Liberation
• I- F. Scott Fitzgerald was a popular author in the 1920’s. He wrote “The Great Gatsby”, which displayed life in the 1920’s. Also, he wrote “This Side of Paradise”, which resembled a bible for the youth.
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Cultural Liberation
• II- Ernest Hemingway wrote “The Sun Also Rises”, which gave hope to the people who were scarred by WWI.
• III- There was a lot of poetry and other writings that displayed emotion.
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Wall Street’s Big Bull Market
• I- The Stock Exchange Program provided a lot of craze.– Everyone was buying
stock with a small down payment.
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Wall Street’s Big Bull Market
• II- Secretary of the Treasury, Mellon reduced the taxes for the rich, which left the middle class paying more.
• III- Everything that was being set up in the 1920’s was a foreshadowing for the crash and poverty in the 1930’s.
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Vocabulary
• Red Scare- Widespread fear of communism and other politically radical ideas.
• Isolationism-A term that describes America's withdrawn attitude in the 1920s.
• KKK- Racist, anti-immigrant clan that held much influence in the 1920s. Used violence and scare tactics to achieve its goals.
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Vocabulary
• Immigration Act of 1924- This was passed in 1924--cut quotas for foreigners from 3 % to 2% of the total number of immigrants in 1890--purpose was to freeze America's existing racial composition --prevented Japanese from immigrating, causing outrage in Japan.
• Prohibition- The banning of the sale and consumption of all alcoholic products.
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Vocabulary
• Al Capone- Nicknamed "Scarface" and one of the most notorious gangsters in history, this man earned the title of "Public Enemy No. 1" for his many illegal exploits in Chicago.
• Bootlegging- The act of making and transporting alcoholic liquor for sale illegally.
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Vocabulary
• Gangsters- Violent organized crime members who took over the job of supplying alcohol to speakeasies.
• Fundamentalism- Literal interpretation and strict adherence to basic principles of a religion.
• Clarence Darrow- Defended John Scopes during the Scopes Trial. He argued that evolution should be taught in schools.
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Vocabulary
• Henry Ford- United States manufacturer of automobiles who pioneered mass production (1863-1947).
• Scientific Management- A management theory using efficiency experts to examine each work operations and find ways to minimize the time needed to complete it.
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Vocabulary
• Model T- First affordable car built by Henry Ford; sturdy, reliable, inexpensive, only came in black.
• Charles Lindbergh- This man achieved worldwide renown when he became the first person ever to complete a transatlantic flight.
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Vocabulary
• Flappers- Carefree young women of the 1920s that behaved and dressed in a radical fashion.
• Harlem Renaissance- A period in the 1920s when African-American achievements in art and music and literature flourished.
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Vocabulary
• Andrew Mellon- An American banker, industrialist, philanthropist, art collector and Secretary of the Treasury from March 4, 1921 until February 12, 1932. Believed in a government "hands-off" approach to the economy.
• Langston Hughes- A leading poet of the Harlem Renaissance. He wrote "The Negro Speaks of Rivers" and "My People“.