Chapter 30 Review Galaxies and the Universe. What characteristic of radio waves makes them useful...

Chapter 30 Review

Galaxies and the Universe

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What characteristic of radio waves makes them useful for determining the

shape of a galaxy?

1. their long wavelength

2. their high frequency

3. their easy visibility

4. their variable energy

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What method allows astronomers to locate the structures circled in the

diagram?1. recording radio waves

2. observing RR Lyrae variables

3. measuring infrared radiation

4. observing hydrogen emission spectra

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Which of the following is a characteristics of a Population II star?

1. trace amounts of heavy elements

2. age of less than 10 billion years

3. located in disk arms

4. found in spiral galaxies

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The Milky Way and the Andromeda are both________.

1. stars

2. galaxies

3. nebulae

4. quasars

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A scientist who discovered a galaxy could use the following diagram to

classify the galaxy according to its

1. shape

2. age

3. color

4. size

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Which ratio best expresses the mass of the Sun compared to the mass of the Milky Way?

1. 1: 100 billion

2. 1: 100 million

3. 1: 100 trillion

4. 1: 100 thousand

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Which line on the graph shows the relationship between the size and

brightness of a variable star?

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

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The pulsation period of four variable stars is indicated on the diagram. Which of

the stars in a Cepheid Variable?

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

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Which sentence best summarizes Hubble’s Law?

1. The greater the distance to a galaxy, the greater its velocity.

2. The greater the distance to a galaxy, the brighter its halo.

3. The greater the distance to a galaxy, the greater its age.

4. The greater the distance to a galaxy, the greater its mass.

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Other galaxies were first believed to be ____.

1. nebulae or star clusters within the Milky Way

2. quasars outside the Milky Way

3. constellations within the Milky Way

4. the Andromeda galaxy

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Elliptical galaxies are divided into subclasses based on ____.

1. their elongated shapes

2. the length of their diameters

3. the ratio of their major and minor axes

4. the length of their spiral arms

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Cosmic background radiation has a wavelength of approximately 1 mm,

which makes it ____.

1. gamma ray radiation

2. microwave radiation

3. X-ray radiation

4. infrared radiation

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If the average density is higher than the critical density, the

universe is ____.

1. closed

2. open

3. flat

4. round

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Recent observations show that the rate of expansion of the

universe is ____.

1. slowing down

2. stabilizing

3. constantly changing

4. speeding up

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Study of the universe

1. inflationary universe

2. cosmology

3. Big Bang theory

4. cosmic background radiation

5. steady-state theory

6. Hubble constant

7. active galactic nucleus

8. superclusters

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Core of a galaxy in which highly energetic objects or activities are located


2. cosmology

3. Big Bang theory



6. Hubble constant


8. superclusters

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Gigantic formation of clusters of galaxies hundreds of millions of light-years in size


2. cosmology

3. Big Bang theory



6. Hubble constant


8. superclusters

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A value of approximately 70 kilometers per second per megaparsec


2. cosmology

3. Big Bang theory



6. Hubble constant


8. superclusters

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States that the universe began as a point and has been expanding ever since


2. cosmology

3. Big Bang theory



6. Hubble constant


8. superclusters

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Proposes that the universe looks the same on large scales to all observers and that it has always looked that way


2. cosmology

3. Big Bang theory



6. Hubble constant


8. superclusters

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Persistent noise discovered in 1965 that is caused by weak radiation from all directions in space


2. cosmology

3. Big Bang theory



6. Hubble constant


8. superclusters

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Model that says the universe began as a fluctuation in a vacuum and expanded very rapidly for a fraction of a second before settling into a more orderly expansion


2. cosmology

3. Big Bang theory



6. Hubble constant


8. superclusters

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Normal spiral1. E7

2. Irr

3. a

4. c

5. SO

6. EO

7. S

8. SB

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Barred spiral1. E7

2. Irr

3. a

4. c

5. SO

6. EO

7. S

8. SB

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Tightly wound arm and large, bright nucleus

1. E7

2. Irr

3. a

4. c

5. SO

6. EO

7. S

8. SB

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Loosely wound arms and a small, dim nucleus

1. E7

2. Irr

3. a

4. c

5. SO

6. EO

7. S

8. SB

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Flat disks that do not have spiral arms

1. E7

2. Irr

3. a

4. c

5. SO

6. EO

7. S

8. SB

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Round elliptical1. E7

2. Irr

3. a

4. c

5. SO

6. EO

7. S

8. SB

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Very elongated elliptical

1. E7

2. Irr

3. a

4. c

5. SO

6. EO

7. S

8. SB

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Irregular galaxy

1. E7

2. Irr

3. a

4. c

5. SO

6. EO

7. S

8. SB

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Variable stars get brighter as they get larger.

1. True

2. False

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The Sun is classified as a Population II star.

1. True

2. False

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RR Lyrae and Cepheid are two categories of variable stars.

1. True

2. False

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The Local Group is the galactic group that includes the Milky

Way.

1. True

2. False

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The galaxy in the diagram is categorized

as E0 based on its shape.

1. True

2. False

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The Milky Way and Andromeda are larger than other galaxies in the Local

Group.

1. True

2. False

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Redshift is used as evidence that the universe is contracting.

1. True

2. False

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The equation v = Hd shows the relationship between the speed at which

a galaxy moves and its distance.

1. True

2. False

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The shaded area of the circle graph represents the

percent of the universe composed of dark matter.

1. True

2. False

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On a graph, Hubble’s law is represented by a straight line.

1. True

2. False

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By measuring a star's period of pulsation, astronomers can determine its luminosity and calculate how far

away a variable star must be to appear as dim or as bright as it does.

1. True

2. False

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Astronomers have determined the shape of the Milky Way by using gamma waves

because they penetrate the interstellar gas and dust without being scattered or absorbed.

1. True

2. False

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Edwin Hubble's discovery of RR Lyrae variable stars in the Great Nebula in the Andromeda constellation proved the existence of galaxies

outside the Milky Way.

1. True

2. False

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The halo and bulge of the Milky Way are made of old stars which suggests that the halo and bulge formed first.

1. True

2. False

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A(n) SBc galaxy is a normal spiral with loosely wound arms

and a small, dim nucleus.

1. True

2. False

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The farther away from Earth a galaxy is, the slower it is

moving.

1. True

2. False

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There are 35 known members of the Local Group, of which the Milky

Way and Andromeda galaxies are the two largest.

1. True

2. False

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The redshift in many quasars is very large, which means that those quasars are far away.

1. True

2. False

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Most galaxies in the inner region of a large cluster are

spirals.

1. True

2. False

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Studies provide evidence that there is a great amount of unseen matter

called dark matter composed of dim stellar remnants that have no mass.

1. True

2. False

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Edwin Hubble measured the redshifts and distances of many galaxies and found that the redshift of a galaxy

depends on its distance from Earth.

1. True

2. False

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Cosmic background radiation provides information about

conditions now in the expansion of the universe.

1. True

2. False

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A key goal of the Fermilab is to gather data that would help to

pinpoint the value for H, the Hubble constant.

1. True

2. False

Chapter 30 Review Galaxies and the Universe. What characteristic of radio waves makes them useful...

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