Chapter 3, Section 3
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Transcript of Chapter 3, Section 3
![Page 1: Chapter 3, Section 3](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061612/56812dd3550346895d931cf9/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 3, Section 3Chapter 3, Section 3
Changes in StateChanges in State
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Change of StateChange of State
Change of State: Change of State: change of a change of a substance from one physical form to substance from one physical form to anotheranother
Change of state happens by: Change of state happens by: – removing or adding energy!removing or adding energy!
Which changes the particle speed, the Which changes the particle speed, the temperature, and finally the state changes!temperature, and finally the state changes!
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ENDO vs. EXOENDO vs. EXO EndothermicEndothermic: Add Energy: Add Energy
– To add energy, increase the To add energy, increase the temperature, the particle movement temperature, the particle movement increasesincreases
ExothermicExothermic: Remove Energy: Remove Energy– To remove energy, decrease the To remove energy, decrease the
temperature, the particle movement temperature, the particle movement decreasesdecreases
EX: EX: – Boiling Water. ENDO or EXOBoiling Water. ENDO or EXO– Freeze Water. ENDO or EXOFreeze Water. ENDO or EXO
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Solid to Liquid?Solid to Liquid?
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MeltingMelting
Endothermic ProcessEndothermic Process– Adds energyAdds energy– Temperature increasesTemperature increases– Particles move fasterParticles move faster– When a certain temperature is reached, When a certain temperature is reached,
the solid will melt (melting point)the solid will melt (melting point)
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Liquid to Solid?Liquid to Solid?
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FreezingFreezing
Exothermic ProcessExothermic Process– Removes energyRemoves energy– Temperature decreasesTemperature decreases– Particles slow downParticles slow down– When the liquid reaches a certain When the liquid reaches a certain
temperature, the liquid will become a temperature, the liquid will become a solid (freezing point)solid (freezing point)
Freezing is the reverse of meltingFreezing is the reverse of melting
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Liquid to Gas?Liquid to Gas?
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EvaporationEvaporation
Occurs at the surfaceOccurs at the surface Endothermic ProcessEndothermic Process
– Adds energyAdds energy– Temperature increasesTemperature increases– As the surface reaches a certain As the surface reaches a certain
temperature, the surface particles temperature, the surface particles change to gaschange to gas
– Happens before the liquid reaches its Happens before the liquid reaches its boiling pointboiling point
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BoilingBoiling
Occurs throughout the liquidOccurs throughout the liquid Endothermic ProcessEndothermic Process
– Adds energyAdds energy– Temperature increasesTemperature increases– Particles move fasterParticles move faster– Temperature at which a liquid boils is its Temperature at which a liquid boils is its
boiling pointboiling point
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Gas to Liquid?Gas to Liquid?
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CondensationCondensation
Exothermic ProcessExothermic Process– Remove energyRemove energy– Temperature decreasesTemperature decreases– Particle movement decreasesParticle movement decreases– Particles clump togetherParticles clump together– Temperature at which a gas becomes a Temperature at which a gas becomes a
liquid is the condensation pointliquid is the condensation point Condensation and vaporization are Condensation and vaporization are
the reverse of each otherthe reverse of each other
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Solid to Gas?Solid to Gas?
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SublimationSublimation
Endothermic ProcessEndothermic Process– Adds energyAdds energy– Temperature increasesTemperature increases– Particle movement increasesParticle movement increases
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Comparing Changes of State
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