Chapter 3 Paradigms and Communication Theory. Paradigms and Communication Theory Paradigm Shift (see...
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Transcript of Chapter 3 Paradigms and Communication Theory. Paradigms and Communication Theory Paradigm Shift (see...
Chapter 3
Paradigms and Communication Theory
Paradigms and Communication Theory
Paradigm Shift (see discussion of Kuhn, Ch. 2) Paradigm: Metatheory: Theoretical Perspective
Paradigm Paradigm Paradigm
Theory Type Theory TypeTheory Type
Theory Theory Theory
Metatheoretical Assumptions
OntologyNature of realityHuman nature, etc.
EpistemologyHow is knowledge gainedHow does knowledge “accumulate” etc.
Axiology
The Subjective-Objective Dimension
(Source: Burrell and Morgan, 1979: 3)
Subjective Objective
Ontology/ Epistemology
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/fig/1600110302002.png
The Subjective-Objective Dimension
Nominalism Realismontology
Anti-positivism Positivismepistemology
Ideographic Nomotheticmethodology
The subjectivist approach to
social science
The objectivist approach to
social science
(Source: Burrell and Morgan, 1979: 3)
Voluntarism Determinismhuman nature
Scientific key words
CauseEffect, influence, affect, lead to Factors, variables Predict Generalizable Analytic/reductionistic Quantitative (or qualitative)
Humanistic key words
Contextual Interpretive Social construction Holistic Subjective Qualitative (usually)
The Social Change/Status Quo Dimension
(Source: Burrell and Morgan, 1979: 3)
Radical Social Change
Regulation/Status Quo/Observation
Axiology
Critical key words
Power (struggles, etc.) Production and reproduction of social
structures (like sexism, racism, classism) Empowerment, emancipation, resistence Social relations Ideology, hegemony Social change Qualitative or quantitative
Four Paradigms for Social Analysis
(Source: Burrell and Morgan, 1979: 22)
‘Radical humanist’
‘Interpretive’
‘Radical structuralist’
‘Functionalist’
SUBJECTIVE OBJECTIVE
THE SOCIOLOGY OF REGULATION
THE SOCIOLOGY OF RADICAL CHANGE
But usually only 3 in communication!
(Source: Burrell and Morgan, 1979: 22)
SUBJECTIVE OBJECTIVE
REGULATION
RADICAL CHANGE
CRITICAL: Social change
SCIENTIFIC: Predict/ Control
HUMANISTIC: Observe/ Interpret
Building Communication Theory Chapter 3
Two debates in “Communication”
1977: Laws, Rules Systems 1983: Scientific, Humanistic, Critical Today’s debates? What would you find at a communication
conference today? What do you find in the School of
Communication at Illinios State University?
BREAK
Perspectives in QL Comm
Phenomenology Sociocultural tradition
EthnomethodologySymbolic InteractionismSocial ConstructivismEthnography of CommunicationStructuration TheoryActor Network Theory
Perspectives in QL Comm
Critical TraditionModernism/PostmodernismFeminismPostcolonial theoryCritical race theory/Orientalism/WhitenessCultural Studies
“8 Moments”… (Denzin & Lincoln, 2008, pp. 3 ff.)
Traditional (1900-1950) Modernist (Golden Age) (1950-1970)
Naïve realism Blurred genres (1970-1986) Crisis of representation (1986-1990)
“8 Moments”… (Denzin & Lincoln, 2008, pp. 3 ff.)
The postmodern (1990-1995) Post-experimental inquiry (1995-2000) Methodologically contested present (200-
2004) Fractured future (2005)
