Chapter 3: Medicines - Florida Literacy Coalition Files/Chapter 3 TE_39-54web... · Chapter 3:...
Transcript of Chapter 3: Medicines - Florida Literacy Coalition Files/Chapter 3 TE_39-54web... · Chapter 3:...
Teacher ’s G uide
Chapter 3: Medicines
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Chapter 3: M edicines40
Chapter 3: Medicines Teacher’s Guide
Learning Objectives: •Studentswillunderstandthedifferencebetween
over-the-countermedicinesandprescriptionmedicines
•Studentswillknowhowtofindandunderstandsixpieces
ofinformationonaprescriptionlabel
•Studentswillexplainhowtotakemedicinesfromreading
thedirectionsonthelabel
•Studentswillgiveexamplesoffiveimportantquestions
abouttheirmedicinestoasktheirdoctororpharmacist
CASAS Competencies: 3.3.2. Interpretmedicinelabels
3.3.3. Identifythedifferencebetweenprescription,over-the-counter,andgenericmedicines
3.4.1. Interpretproductlabeldirectionsandsafetywarnings
3.1.3. Identifyandutilizeappropriatehealthcareservicesandfacilities,includinginteracting
withproviders
4.9.3. Identifysourcesofinformationandassistance,andaccessresourceswithinasystem
7.4.4. Identifyandutilizeappropriateinformationalresources,includingtheInternet
Section 1: Discussing & Reading About Medicines
Suggestions for Discussing Theme Picture
1.Showthemepicturetointroducetopic. “Whatdoyousee?” “Wherearethey?” “Whataretheydoing?” “Why?”
2. Askquestionstostimulatediscussion. “Whydopeopleusemedicines?” “Whyisitimportanttousemedicinescorrectly?” “Whatdoesapharmacistdo?
Studentsneedtheskillstoreadandunderstandmedicinelabels.Keyissuesinthischapterarehowtoread medicinelabelsandtalkingwithdoctorsandpharmacistsabouthowtotakemedicinescorrectly.Studentsalsoneedthevocabularypracticeandtheconfidencetoasktheirdoctororpharmacistquestionsabouttheirmedicines.
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Suggestions for Teaching Key Vocabulary
Keyvocabularywordsareinboldthroughoutthetext.Readeachvocabularywordhavingstudentsrepeatthemafteryou.Havestudentsconsiderthemeaningofeachword.Havethemlookattheglossaryatthebackoftheirstudentbookfordefinitions.
Suggestions for Teaching the Health Content
•Beforereading,discussthepicturesonthepage. •Havestudentstaketurnsreadingselectparagraphsoutloud. •Discussvocabulary.Havestudentsusecontextcluestodefine keywords.
•Moreadvancedstudentsmaywanttounderlineorhighlight newinformation.
•Askstudentsabouthowmedicinesareusedintheircountry. Forexampleinsomeplacestheytakeantibioticsfor everything,whereasinothercountriestheyuseherbal medicinesandhomeremedies.Thismayelicitadiscussion aboutdifferentculturalbeliefsandpracticesrelatedto medicines.
•Askingstudentswhattheyalreadyknowaboutmedicineswill helpthemintegratewhattheyknowaboutthetopicwiththe newinformationtheyencounter.
Issues to Address
•Explainthattheworddrugsandmedicinesareused interchangeably.Drugstoreandpharmacyarealsoused interchangeably.
•Demonstratehowdifferentspoonsaredifferentsizes.Aspoon fromhomemaybemoreorlessthan“oneteaspoon.”The mostaccuratewaytomeasureliquidsiswithanoralmedicine syringe.Thesyringemeasuresmilliliters(ml),5ml=1teaspoon. Apharmacistwillgivetheseoutforfree,ifasked.
Key Vocabularymedicinesdrugover-the-counter (OTC)drugstorepharmacyprescription (Rx)pharmacisttabletscapsulessyruplabelside effectsexpiration datepatientwarning labelsdoserefillmeasureinteract withgeneric drug
Studentbookpage42
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•Showstudentshowtoreadthedosagecups,thoselittleplasticcupsthatcomeontopofchildren’scoldandcoughmedicines.Itisveryhardtoreadthe5ml=1tspmarkonthesideofthecup!Sometimespeopledonotevenlookforthewritingbutassumetheyshouldfillthewholecup.
•Onecommonmisunderstandingaboutmedicinesisthatwhenthelabelsays,“takeonepillthreetimesaday”peoplethinktheycantakethreepillsinthemorningandbedonewithit.Studentsneedtounderstandtheconceptoftimespacingandwhentotakethecorrectdoseofmedicinethroughouttheday.
•Warninglabelsoftenuseveryhighlevellanguage,anduseverytinywriting.Readsomerealonesinclassandbringinamagnifier.
•Explainthatgenericbrandsareavailableformanymedicinesandarecheaperthanbrandnamemedicines.ShowstudentsexamplesofOTCmedicinesinbrandnameandgenericversions.Thegenericbrandmedicinescontainthesameactiveingredientsasthewellknownbrandmedicines.Studentcanlookattheingredients listedonthelabelandcompare.
•Discusshowitisthepharmacist’sjobtohelpcustomersunderstandhowtotakemedicinestherightway.Studentsneedtobeabletoaskquestionstomakesuretheyunderstandtheirmedicine.
•PharmacistscanhelpwithOTCmedicinesaswellasprescriptionmedicines.Eventhoughtheyarebehindthatcounter,theywillcomeouttotheshelves,ifasked.Forexample,theycanhelpstudentsfindagoodallergymedicine,therightkindofcoughmedicineforachild,orageneric(cheaper)brandofsomethingyouuse.
Studentbookpage43
Studentbookpage44
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Section 2: Activities Pickanduseasneededtodevelopskills.
Pronunciation Activity: Tap the Stress (X = LOUD tap, x = softer tap)
Teaching Steps: 1. Tap or clap the rhythm of the group being studied.TaploudlyforabigXandsoftlyforasmallx.Forexample,taptherhythmX x likethis:TAP tap, TAP tap, TAP tap.Onceyouhavesettherhythm,havestudentsjoinyouintappingtherhythm.Keeptappingwithoutsayinganythinguntileveryoneistappinginunison:
2. Say each word in time to the tapping.Havestudentscontinuethebeatastheyrepeateachwordinunisonafteryou.Repeateachworduntilstudents’rhythmandpronunciationareacceptable.Donotdrag,keepupthetempo.
X xtablet
capsuledosage
teaspoonlabelliquid
measurewarningdropper
x Xavoidbegin
bymouthsyringeatnoonatnightwithfoodcorrectexact
x X xadoctorcorrectly
directionsexactly
importantinhalantinjection
prescriptionthebottle
X x xdangerous
dosagesmedicine
pharmacistpharmacy
sideeffectstablespoon
vitaminssafetycap
x x X xasdirected
askyourdoctordiabetes
discontinueexpirationforexample
everyeveningeverymorninginformationinteractions
x x x X xantibiotics
antidepressantHowareyoufeeling?HowcanIlearnmore?HowmayIhelpyou?Ihaveabackache.Ihaveaheadache.Ihaveaquestion.
Ineedaprescription.over-the-counter
Chapter 3: M edicines
Teacher:7tablets Class/Individuals:Howmany?
Teacher:onceaweek Class/Individuals:Howoften?
Teacher:$4.15 Class/Individuals:Howmuch?
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GRAMMAR
Grammar Activity: How Much, How Many, How Often
Thisisananswer/questionsactivity.Youstatetheanswerandstudentsgivetheappropriatequestionphrase.
H
ANDS-ON
Hands On Activity: Reading a Medicine Label
Havestudentsbringinover-the-counter(OTC)medicinesfromtheirhomes,orbringin examplesyourself.Havestudentsrefertopage39intheirstudentbookstoidentifythe differentpartsofamedicinelabel.Thenhavethemworkinpairstofindthesame informationontheOTCmedicinebottlesinclass.
MATH
Math Activity: Measuring Liquid Medicines
Havestudentsrefertopage42intheirstudentbooksforthisactivity.
Havestudentslookatthe4waysofmeasuringliquids Askquestionsaboutthevariousdosagetools’scales, suchas:
a) Howmanyteaspoonscantheoralsyringehold?b)Howmanymilliliterscantheoralsyringehold?c) Howmanyteaspoonsequal10milliliters?d)Fillthedropperandask,“Howmuchmedicineisinthe dropper?”e) Howmuchmedicineisinthemedicinespoon?Studentbookpage42
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MATH
Math Activity: What is a Teaspoon?Havestudentsbringinteaspoonsfromhome.Aspoonthatyoueatwithmaybemoreorlessthan“oneteaspoon.”Themostaccuratewaytomeasureliquidsiswithanoralmedicinesyringeordosagecup.Theoralmedicinesyringeanddosingcupmeasuresmilliliters(ml)5ml=1teaspoon.Havestudentsworkingroupswithanoralmedicinesyringeordosagecupandfilltheirspoonswith5mlofliquidtotesthowaccuratetheyare.Apharmacistwillgivetheseoutforfree,ifasked.
MATH
Math Activity: Liquid Equivalencies
Havestudentsstudythetableofliquidamountsandthenwritethecorrectnumberineachblank.Seestudentworksheetattheendofthisteachingunit.
1. 3teaspoons=1tablespoon
2. 15millilitersisthesameas3teaspoons
3. 5milliliters=1teaspoon
4. 10milliliters=2teaspoons
MATH
Math Activity: Match the Words and AbbreviationsHavestudentsdrawalinefromeachwordtoitsabbreviation.Somewordsmayhavemorethan1abbreviation.Seestudenthandoutattheendofthisteachingunit.
Words Abbreviationsteaspoon tablespoon pound liter milliliter ounce
3teaspoons=1tablespoon
5milliliters=1teaspoon
15milliliters=1tablespoon
ml
TBS
OZ
l
lb
L
TSP
tsp
mL
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Internet Activity: Learning More About Medicines
IfyourfacilityhascomputersthatareconnectedtotheInternet,havestudentstrysomeoftheonlineactivities.Havestudentsworkinpairswithmoreexperiencedcomputerusershelpingthosewithlessexperience.Studentscanrefertopage48intheirstudentbookforalistofsuggestedwebsites.
Web Tip: If a Link Doesn’t Work - Backtrack Forexample,ifthislinkdoesnotwork:http://www.reepworld.org/englishpractice/health/medicine/index.htmErasetheendpartandtrythis:http://www.reepworld.org/englishpractice/health/
Onceyougetalinkthatworks,searchfromtherefortheresourceyouwant.
Section 3: Dialog
Suggestions for Teaching the Dialog
Helpstudentsreadthedialog.Thenhavethempracticetherolesinpairs.Tochangethedialog,substituteotherappropriatewordsfortheunderlinedwords.Finally,encouragechaindrillsandfreeconversationsonthetopic.Thedialogsarelistedbydegreeofdifficulty.BeginningESLstudentsmayonlybeabletodoDialog1.Buttheywillbenefitfromlisteningtoclassmatespracticetheothers.
Doctor: Howoftendoyougetaheadache?Patient: Almosteveryday.Doctor: Doyoutakeanymedicineforit?Patient: Someaspirin.Doctor: Doestheaspirinhelpyou?Patient: Yes.
Dialog 1
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Pharmacist: HowmayIhelpyou?Patient: Ineedtofillthisprescription,please.Pharmacist: OK.[Fillsprescription.]Hereyouare.Doyouhaveanyquestions?Patient: Yes. HowdoItakethismedicine?Pharmacist: Take2capsulestwiceaday.Patient: WhenshouldItakethem?Pharmacist: Taketwocapsulesinthemorningandtwointheevening.Patient: OK.Thankyou.
Doctor: Here’syourprescription.Takeittoapharmacytohaveitfilled.Doyouhaveanyquestions?Patient: Yes. HowdoItakethemedicine?Doctor: Withwater,beforeluncheveryday.Patient:Arethereanysideeffects?Doctor:Itmayupsetyourstomachforafewdays.Ifthathappens, callme.Patient: OK.Thankyou.
Section 4: Check Your Learning
Suggestions for Checking Learning
Quiz:Havestudentsreadthelabelandanswerthequestions.Seestudentworksheetattheendofthisteachingunit.
1. Whatkindofmedicineisthis? m OTC(over-the-counter) m prescription m ahomeremedy m alloftheabove
2. Howmuchmedicineisthe persontotake?
m 1 capsule m 2tablets m 3teaspoons m 2tablespoons
Dialog 2
Dialog 3
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3. Howandwhenisthepersontotakethemedicine? m by mouth three times a day m bymoutheveryevening m withaglassofwaterbeforeameal m onceaday
4. Whatistheprescriptionnumber? m 234567 m 55370-0885-08 m 22000187-00 m 431-8586
5. Howmanytimescanthepersonrefillthismedicine? m onetime m twotimes m sixtimes m no times
Sharing with Others: Havingstudentssharewhattheyhavelearnedwithothershelpsthemcheckandreinforcetheirlearning.Forexample,havestudentsgowithafriendorrelativetothepharmacytohelpthemaskthepharmacistquestions.Ortheycanhelpafriendorrelativedevelopavisualchartshowingexactlyhowtotaketheirmedicinecorrectly.SeeEXAMPLEfrompage43inthestudentbook.
How to Take Your Medicine CorrectlyHow Often When to take itEverysixhours Every6hours
Takethemedicineevery 6hours. Example: 6 AM and 12 noon and 6 PM and 12 midnight
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Section 5: Additional Resources
Visitthesewebsitesformoreinformationonmedicines.
Information Use Medicine Safelyhttp://www.fda.gov/opacom/lowlit/medsafe.pdfHow to Give Medicine to Childrenhttp://www.fda.gov/opacom/lowlit/medchld_brochure.pdfSafe Use of Medicines for Older Adultshttp://www.niapublications.org/tipsheets/pdf/Safe_Use_of_Medicines.pdfMedicines and Older Adultshttp://www.fda.gov/opacom/lowlit/medold.htmlYour Medicine: Play It Safe.http://www.ahrq.gov/consumer/safemeds/safemeds.htmHerbal Products Plus Prescription Medications: Dangerous Combinations http://www.poisoncentertampa.org/informational/herbs.htmlConsumer Education: Ensuring Safe Use of Medicinehttp://www.fda.gov/Cder/consumerinfo/ensuring_safe_use_all_resources.htmMedline Plus: Drugs, Supplements and Herbal Informationhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginformation.html
ActivitiesLaRue Medical Literacy Exercises http://www.mcedservices.com/medex/medex.htmTaking Medicines Responsibly http://www.tv411.org/lessons/cfm/learning.cfm?str=learning&num=12&act=1REEP’s English Practice Homepage http://www.reepworld.org/englishpractice/index.htmMedicine Vocabulary Practicehttp://www.reepworld.org/englishpractice/health/medicine/index.htm
Free or Low Cost Services Florida Discount Drug Card (helps pay for prescription drugs)http://www.floridadiscountdrugcard.comorcall1-866-341-8894
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Asyouworkthroughthetopicofmedicineswithyourstudents,keepalistofotherresourcesyoufindhelpful.
OtherResources
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Teacher ’s G uide
Section 6:
Student Worksheets
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Chapter 3: M edicines
Student Worksheet: How to Use Medicines
Liquid Equivalencies
Study the table of liquid amounts and then write the correct number in each blank.
1. teaspoons=1tablespoon
2. 15millilitersisthesameas teaspoons
3. 5milliliters= teaspoon
4. milliliters=2teaspoons
Match the Words and Abbreviations
Draw a line from each word to its abbreviation. Some words may have more than 1 abbreviation.
3teaspoons=1tablespoon
5milliliters=1teaspoon
15milliliters=1tablespoon
Words Abbreviationsteaspoon tablespoon pound liter milliliter ounce
ml
TBS
OZ
l
lb
L
TSP
tsp
mL
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Teacher ’s G uide
Student Worksheet: Check Your Learning
Read the label and answer the questions.
1. What kind of medicine is this? m OTC(over-the-counter) m prescription m ahomeremedy m alloftheabove
2. How much medicine is the person to take?
m 1capsule m 2tablets m 3teaspoons m 2tablespoons
3. How and when is the person to take the medicine? m bymouththreetimesaday m bymoutheveryevening m withaglassofwaterbeforeameal m onceaday
4. What is the prescription number? m 234567 m 55370-0885-08 m 22000187-00 m 431-8586
5. How many times can the person refill this medicine? m onetime m twotimes m sixtimes m notimes
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