CHAPTER 3 LESSON 2

The New England Colonies

Religious Freedom

Jamestown-wealthNext group-religious freedomFor many years, England was Protestant with

the Roman Catholic Church.King Henry VIII broke away and formed the

Anglican Church.Many dissented (disagreed) and remained

CatholicPuritans-wished to reform the Anglican

ChurchSeparatists-sought to set up their own

churches.

Persecution and Fleeing

Separatist were persecuted for their beliefsMany fled to the NetherlandsDidn’t work out too wellChildren were loosing their English accentsParents feared English traditions would

vanishToo many different religions

The Pilgrims

Pilgrim-some one who undertakes a religious journey

Decided to move to America, the Netherlands were not working as planned

Gets a grant from the Virginia CompanyIntends to settle north of JamestownLost at seaEnds up at Cape Cod

The Mayflower

The pilgrims (102 of them for 2 months) set out for America on the Mayflower.

Landed at Cape Cod in NovemberWent on land in December at a place they

called PlymouthOutside of the Virginia Company’s territoryLed to the development of the Mayflower

Compact

The Mayflower Compact

Developed while still on the boatNo form of government without the Virginia

CompanyDrafted a formal document that declared

their intent of forming a “civic body politic, for our better ordering and preservation”

Signers promised to obey laws for the general good of the colony

Pledged loyalty to EnglandWas a big step in forming/establishing a

representative government.

On Land at Plymouth

Out of the 102 pilgrims, 44 surviveThey encounter illness, hunger, and the cold

winterTwo Wampanoag Native Americans, Squanto

and Samoset, make friends and help the colonist

Teach them how to fertilize soil, plant crops (corn, beans, pumpkins), how/where to hunt, and how/where to fish.

Lived peacefully due to the good standing relationship developed between the Wampanoag and the colonist.

On Land at Plymouth cont

Squanto was kidnapped many years before by the English.

He was able to translate for the colonistMassasoit, the chief of the Wampanoag

signed an alliance that promised their protection from another tribe

In return, the Wampanoag helped the colonist for a few years with their food supply.

Food supply grew each year with their gained knowledge from the Wampanoag

Harvest Festival

English traditionFeast every harvest timeThe first ThanksgivingMany Native Americans joined the surviving

pilgrims for the feast

The New Colonies

Massachusetts Bay Company

North of PlymouthJohn Winthrop was the colony’s governor Settled in Boston1630s-15,000 Puritans came to

Massachusetts to escape religious persecution/hard times.

This is known as the Great Migration

Massachusetts Bay Company Cont

Town meetings to make decisionsWomen were not includedNo tolerance for other religionsHangings and/or humiliated for their “wrong

doings”Salem Witch Trials, mainly women accused of

being witchesTheocracy-a government that is based on

religious valuesLack of tolerance led to people wanting to

go/make other colonies.

Connecticut

West of BostonMinister Thomas Hooker didn’t agree with

the ways of BostonLed his congregation to the Connecticut

River ValleyFounded HartfordMore towns established around Hartford,

joined to form the colony ConnecticutFundamental Orders of Connecticut- first

written form of a constitution

Rhode Island

Minister Roger Williams, forced out of Massachusetts

Found refuge with the Narragansett NativesSold him land where he formed ProvidenceDidn’t believe the government should force

people to worship a certain wayDidn’t believe in taking land from the Native

AmericansHe established the first place to worship

freely.

Conflict

Natives liked trading with settlersDidn’t like settlers taking land without

permission/payWar b/w the Wampanoag and the New

England ColoniesKnown as King Philip’s WarLasted 14 monthsColonists win and continue to expand.