Chapter 3 Essays

ESSAY #1

Nucleic Acids p. 47• Sugar + phosphate + nitrogenous base

Essay #2

Was the only person ever to win two unshared Nobel prizes:

for chemistry in 1954 and for peace in 1962

Linus Pauling

• Found how hemoglobin carries oxygen

• high doses of vitamin C are effective against colds and other illnesses.

• Ban on nuclear testing

ESSAY 3a: CONTRAST SWEETS p. 38

• Glucose

bind to taste receptors on tongue

• Sucralosebind more tightly to taste receptors on tongue

3b CONTRAST SWEETS p. 38

• Glucose

As compared to sucrose: slightly sweeter

• Sucralose

• As compared to sucrose: 600 times sweeter

3c CONTRAST SWEETS p. 38

• Glucose

• Natural

• Sucralose

• Artificial• Sucralose mixed with

maltodextrin and dextrose

Aspartame

•150 times more sweet than glucose

10 pointers

• Structural-hair, skin, nailsStorage-eggs, nuts

Signal-hormonesContractile-muscle fibers

Defensive-antibodiesEnzymes-speed up reactions

Transport-hemoglobin carrying oxygen

10 pointer

• Anabolic steroids - artificial variant of the male hormone, testosterone

• Used to build muscle and bone• Negatives:

mood swings (“roid rage”)Depression acnehigh blood pressure women-beardsreduced sex drive Infertilityenlarged breasts liver cancershrunken testicles

Anabolic Steroids Abusers

• Barry Bonds

• Marion Jones

• Mark McGuire

• Jason Giambi

• Mike Tyson

How an orb spider makes its web

• Spokes

• Dry

• Inelastic proteins

• “Spiraling strand”-captures insects

• Wet• Sticky• Highly elastic

(stretch up to 4X’s)

Uses for Synthetic Web

wear-resistant shoes and clothes

-stronger ropes, nets, seatbelts, and parachutes

-rust-free panels and bumpers for automobiles

-improved sutures and bandages, artificial tendons and ligaments, and supports for weakened blood vessels.

-soldiers and police long for bulletproof vests

Tether ropes for astronauts

Sketch how the web is made