Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden...

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Chapter 2—The Greek World “We are all Greeks.” -Shelley

Transcript of Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden...

Page 1: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

Chapter 2—The Greek World

“We are all Greeks.” -Shelley

Page 2: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

The center of the world during 5-4 centuries BCE

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Polis = Greece had about 300 city-states… .  

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…and a total of 1500 when you include the colonies.  

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The Acropolis in Athens = top of the city

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The Porch of the Maidens or the Caryatids

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Agora of Athens or market place

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Stoa or market building

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Pre-“Greek”—Aegean Culture Bronze age—3000-1200 BCE

Cycladic 3000-1600 BCE—marble statues, Cycladic=circle

Minoan 2000-1400 BCE—King Minos, Knossos, Goddess with Snakes, Bull Jumper, and Arthur Evans who discovered Knossos

Mycenaean 1600-1200 BCE—mainland Greece. Schliemann discovered Troy and the Mycenaean culture. They built great palaces and were preoccupied with death.

 

Page 10: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 11: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

Cycladic 3000-1600 BCE

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Cycladic Period

3000-1600 BCE

Page 13: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

Cycladic Period ca. 2500 BCE

Page 14: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 15: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 16: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 17: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

Minoan 2000-1400 BCE

•  Seafaring kingdom

•  Seemingly safe and secure society

•  Human sacrifice

•  Minotaur , which was a human + bull due to the child of the queen and a sacred bull produced

•  1623 BCE the great earthquake

•  Arthur Evans discovered Knossos

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Santorini / Thera

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Santorini

Page 20: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 21: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 22: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

Bull-leaping mural on palace walls

Page 23: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 24: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 25: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 26: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 27: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

Goddess with Snakes—Knossos ca. 1700-1550 BCE history is in

question.

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Arthur Evans  

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The Palace of Minos

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Throne room

Page 31: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 32: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

House of the Double Axes Labyrinth = double axe

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Palace of Minos, Knossos ca. 1700-1300 BCE

Page 34: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 35: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

Mycenaean 1600-1200 BCE

•  Aggressive and militant just the opposite from the Minoans

•  The Legend of the Cyclops

•  1200 BCE Mycenaean attacked Troy, Turkey. Hence, this was the basis for the Iliad and Odyssey.

•  Heinrich Schliemann

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Heinrich Schliemann

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Mycenae’s Lion Gate ca. 1300 BCE with

Cyclopean masonry.

It took Cyclopes to build the palace hence

the name.

Page 38: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 39: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

“Mask of

Agamemnon”

Mycenaean ca. 1600-1550 BCE

NB The mustache and ears might

have been added by Schliemann

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Vaphio Cup ca. 1650-1450 BCE

Page 41: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

Heroic Age—1200-750 BCE

Greek City-State/Persian—502-449 BCE

Golden Age—480-430 BCE

Hellenistic Period—323-146 BCE    

Greek Cultural Periods  

Page 42: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

   •  The Trojan Wars ca. 1800-1300 BCE were

the basis for Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey.

•  The Odyssey is about Agamemnon attempt to retrieve Helen from Troy by Odysseus/Ulysses.

•  The Iliad is a story of part of the Trojan Wars with Achilles.    

The Heroic Age—1200-750 BCE

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 Greek City-State/Persian Wars—750-480 BCE

   

Delphi’s navel of the world….

Page 44: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

The Charioteer of Delphi 474 BCE

Page 45: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 46: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

The Temple

of Apollo is the

place of the

Delphic Oracle and the fumes.

Page 47: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 48: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian columns

Page 49: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

Kouros ca. 530 BCE Kouros ca. 600 BCE

Page 50: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

Kore 530 BCE

After and before….

Page 51: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 52: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

The Temple

of Athena 447 BCE

Page 53: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE

Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE

Page 54: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 55: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

Golden Age—480-430 BCE  

Page 56: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 57: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE    

Page 58: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 59: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 60: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 61: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

The Porch of the Caryatids or the Maidens—ca. 406 BCE

Page 62: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 63: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

Riace Warrior 450 BCE

Page 64: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 65: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

Hellenistic Period 323 BCE–146 BCE

Many scholars date this period from the death of Alexander the Great

to the conquest of the Romans.

Page 66: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

Nike Adjusting Her Sandal ca. 410-407 BCE

Page 67: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

Veiled and Masked Dancer ca. 250 BCE

Page 68: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

Laocoon and His Sons 25 BCE

Page 69: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the
Page 70: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

Venus de Milo ca. 130-120 BCE

Page 71: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

Market Woman ca. 2nd century BCE

Page 72: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

Winged Nike ca. 190 BCE

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Page 74: Chapter 2—The Greek World · Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE . Golden Age—480-430 BCE! Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE!! The Porch of the

Plato’s Allegory of the Cave