Chapter 29 18th Century Art In Europe And The Americas
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Transcript of Chapter 29 18th Century Art In Europe And The Americas
Chapter 29: 18th Century Art in Europe and the Americas
Magister RicardArt History
Major Developments
• The Enlightenment• Rococo Style emerges in Europe• Italy and its Classical Revival• Revivals in Britain – Classical and Gothic• Neoclassicism and Romanticism in Britain• Neoclassicism response in France to Rococo
The Enlightenment
• Europe started the 18th century in a semi-feudal state– Economic and political power was centrally-based– Aristocratic class held most of the power
• By the end, industrial manufacturing would shift the economic paradigm
• The Enlightenment pushed thinkers, philosophes, to improve the institutions of mankind– Nature is both rational and good– Observation of natural laws could lead to happiness for
mankind
ROCOCO STYLE IN EUROPEChapter 29
Rococo Style in Europe
• Portugese barroco – irregularly shaped pearl• French rocaille – shell or rock ornament used in
gardens• Elegant designs and pastel color base• Frivolous, playful subjects• Curves and dainty figures• Favored by aristocratic class which were more
concerned with pursuit of pleasure• Mainly developed in France in wake of Louis XIV
Italy and Classical Revival
• The Grand Tour – the completion of an aristocratic education was a tour of the major cultural sites of Europe
• Paris, Venice, Florence, Naples, and Rome• This heavily inspires the growth of
Neoclassicism during the Enlightenment• Pleased the senses and taught moral lessons• Was a reaction to frivolity of Rococo• Pompeii and Herculaneum discovered in 1738
NEOCLASSICISM IN ENGLANDChapter 29
Neoclassicism in England
• Alexander Pope translated the Homer into English
• Wrote his own poetry in iambic pentameter• Women started to wear white muslin gowns
to look “classical”
EARLY ROMANTICISM IN ENGLANDChapter 29
Romanticism in Britain
• Challenged the Enlightenment’s focus on scientific observation, intellect
• Stressed the emotions and the subjective existence of the irrational side of human nature
LATER 18TH CENTURY ART IN FRANCE
Chapter 29
FRENCH NEOCLASSICISMChapter 29
18TH CENTURY ART OF THE AMERICAS
Chapter 29