Chapter 26 Section 1. Queen Victoria Suffrage Chartist movement Third Republic Dreyfuss affair ...
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Transcript of Chapter 26 Section 1. Queen Victoria Suffrage Chartist movement Third Republic Dreyfuss affair ...
![Page 1: Chapter 26 Section 1. Queen Victoria Suffrage Chartist movement Third Republic Dreyfuss affair Anti-Semitism Zionism.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061616/56649f1b5503460f94c306a2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 26Section 1
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Queen Victoria Suffrage Chartist movement Third Republic Dreyfuss affair Anti-Semitism Zionism
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Growing prosperity of the working and middles classes led to demand for goods
1800 landowning aristocrats made up Parliament
Some industrial cities had no representation
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Britain wealthy male property owners could vote
Catholics and Jews could hold political office
House of Commons not paid so only wealthy served
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British liberals were challenging the old order
People demanded greater political participation
Reform Act of 1832 gave representation in Parliament
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• Gave the vote to the middle class
• Increased eligible voters by 50%
• Reduced power of the aristocracy
• Only men with a certain amount of property could vote
• Prevented many working class from voting
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• Investigate treatment of children in factories– Harmful conditions– Mistreatment– Long hours– Low wages
• Passed the Factory Act of 1833
• Teenagers could not work more than 12 hours
• Children 9-13 had to receive two hours of school
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1833 Parliament abolished slavery
Government would compensate slave owners
Passed public health and crime laws to improve living conditions
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1839 Chartists demanded voting rights for all
men Secret ballot Annual elections Pay representatives
in parliament Secret ballot
prevented intimidation during voting
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Parliament rejected their ideas
Turned down the People’s Charter
By the end of the 1800’s many of their reforms had been passed
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1837 Queen Victoria Reign lasted to 1901
longest in British history
Became more democratic during her reign
Government was run primarily by Prime Minister and the Cabinet
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• Benjamin Disraeli- Prime Minister, member of Conservative party
• Slow to accept reforms• Wanted to preserve
the past• Gladstone was a liberal• More progressive to
solving society’s problems
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Disraeli put forth a new reform bill
1867 one out of every three men could vote
Another bill created the secret ballot
1885 Gladstone pushed a reform bill that extended voting rights even further
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Suffrage- the right to vote
Women’s rights were raised during the Enlightenment
1800’s women not equals Could not own
property Not considered
legal guardians of their children
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Queen Victoria against women’s right to vote
“Mad, wicked folly.” 1886 Disraeli
argued for women’s right to vote
Said if a women could be queen or own land they should be able to vote
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Millicent Garrett Fawcett -lobbied members of
Parliament Signed petitions Educated the public
Emmeline Pankhurst Founded Women’s
Social and Political Union
“You have to make more noise than everyone else”
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1918 Parliament grants the right to vote
Women over the age of 30
1928 women have the same voting rights as men
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The Third Republic lasted for 60 years
France averaged one government per year
Dozen political parties lobbied for power
1875 National Assembly votes to set up the republic
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Controversial court case
1894 Alfred Dreyfus French captain falsely accused of betraying secrets to Germany
Knew he was not guilty
Held a military ceremony to humiliate him
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Crowd chanted “kill him”
Evidence suggests another officer was guilty
Second officer was not Jewish
Dreyfus cleared in 1906
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Divided people in France
Emile Zola-French writer came to his defense
“J’accuse” letter accused the French government of anti-Semitism
Led French courts to reopen the case
Letter set off anti-Semitic riots in 50 towns
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Important affect on Jewish nationalism
Theodor Herzl-Hungarian born-Jewish journalist who covered the story
Shocked by the anti-Semitism in France
Root of the problem is that Jews did not have a country in Europe
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1896 published The Jewish State
Outlined plan for an independent Jewish country
Zionism-Jewish nationalist movement to create a Jewish state in their original homeland
1900’s number of Jewish people returned to their original homeland
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Russians organized pogroms of violence against the Jews
1880’s Jews fled Eastern Europe
Many headed for the United States
Jews wanted a homeland in Palestine